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Chapter 10: Problem 1

The eye structures of mammals and cephalopods such as squid evolved independently to perform very similar functions and have similar structures. This evolution is an example of which of the following? (A) Allopatric speciation (B) Sympatric association (C) Divergent evolution (D) Convergent evolution

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct term that describes the evolution of similar eye structures in mammals and cephalopods is (D) Convergent evolution, as both groups independently evolved similar traits due to adapting to similar environments or ecological niches.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the terms

First, let's understand the meaning of the terms provided in the options: (A) Allopatric speciation: The formation of new species due to geographic isolation between populations. (B) Sympatric association: The coexistence of two species within the same geographical area leading to the development of different evolutionary traits. (C) Divergent evolution: The process in which two or more species evolve increasingly different traits, typically due to different selection pressures in their environments. (D) Convergent evolution: The process whereby organisms not closely related, independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
02

Analyze the given scenario

In the given scenario, the eye structures of mammals and cephalopods have evolved independently (not closely related) but have similar structures and functions. They have likely adapted to perform similar functions due to similar environmental conditions or ecological niches.
03

Choose the correct term

Based on the analysis of the scenario and the definitions of the terms, the correct term that describes the evolution of similar eye structures in mammals and cephalopods is (D) Convergent evolution. This is because both groups independently evolved similar traits (eye structures) due to adapting to similar environments or ecological niches.

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