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Chapter 16: Q. 30 (page 416)

A mutation within the promoter region can alter the transcription of a gene. Describe how this can happen

Short Answer

Expert verified

The mutation may either make the transcription factor less able to bind, which would result in less transcription, or it may make the transcription factor more able to bind, which would result in more transcription.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

A promoter is a section of DNA where a gene first begins to transcribe. Promoters are essential in expression vectors since they regulate how RNA polymerase binds to DNA. DNA is converted to mRNA by RNA polymerase, and mRNA is then translated into a useful protein.

02

The explanation for the answer

The binding location for a transcription factor that typically binds to boost transcription can be altered by a mutation in the promoter region. The mutation may either make the transcription factor less able to bind, which would result in less transcription, or it may make the transcription factor more able to bind, which would result in more transcription.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

2. Targeted therapies are used in patients with a set gene expression pattern. A targeted therapy that prevents the activation of the estrogen receptor in breast cancer would be beneficial to which type of patient?

a. patients who express the EGFR receptor in normal cells

b. patients with a mutation that inactivates the estrogen receptor c. patients with lots of the estrogen receptor expressed in their tumor

d. patients that have no estrogen receptor expressed in their tumo

A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering behavior impacts the stress response in their pups. Rats that were born and grew up with attentive mothers showed low activation of stress-response genes later in life, while rats with inattentive mothers had high activation of stress-response genes in the same situation. An additional study that swapped the pups at birth (i.e., rats born to inattentive mothers grew up with attentive mothers and vice versa) showed the same positive effect of attentive mothering. How do genetics and/or epigenetics explain the results of this study?

Describe how controlling gene expression will alter the overall protein levels in the cell.

What could happen if a cell had too much of an

activating transcription factor present?

New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA methylation and prevent the removal of acetyl groups from histone proteins. Explain how these drugs could affect gene expression to help kill tumor cells
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