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Chapter 16: Q.31 (page 395)
What could happen if a cell had too much of an
activating transcription factor present?
An excessive amount of an activating transcription factor would cause the cell's transcription to increase. Cell function may change dramatically as a result of this.
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What are epigenetic modifications?
a. the addition of reversible changes to histone proteins and DNA
b. the removal of nucleosomes from the DNA
c. the addition of more nucleosomes to the DNA
d. mutation of the DNA sequence
Protein modification can alter gene expression in many ways. Describe how phosphorylation of proteins can alter gene expression
How does the regulation of gene expression support the continued evolution of more complex organisms? a. Cells can become specialized within a multicellular organism. b. Organisms can conserve energy and resources. c. Cells grow larger to accommodate protein production. d. Both A and B
A mutation within the promoter region can alter the transcription of a gene. Describe how this can happen
2. Targeted therapies are used in patients with a set gene expression pattern. A targeted therapy that prevents the activation of the estrogen receptor in breast cancer would be beneficial to which type of patient?
a. patients who express the EGFR receptor in normal cells
b. patients with a mutation that inactivates the estrogen receptor c. patients with lots of the estrogen receptor expressed in their tumor
d. patients that have no estrogen receptor expressed in their tumo
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