Give two examples of modified stems and explain how each example benefits the plant.

Stems are considered the shoot system of a plant. They vary in length from a few millimeters to some hundreds of meters, and also vary in thickness or diameter mainly depending on the type of plant. A stem is a support system for plants and carries important parts such as; branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

Various stem modifications are there to support the plant in various aspects. Modified stems are found in plants that are suited to a particular environment or habitat. Some modified stems store food, and some help to support the plant. Modifications are useful for better adaptation.

Some examples of modified stems are; Rhizome and tendrils

• Rhizome: Rhizomes are underground modified stem that helps as a storage unit. It stores nutrients and helps the plants to survive in winter. These are also helpful for vegetative propagation. Ginger is an example of having a rhizome stem.

• Tendrils: Tendrils are mainly slender strands that help the plant climb on other surfaces as a support system. These tendrils are found in plants like pumpkins and vines. These are the aerial modification of stems.