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Chapter 1: Q.26 (page 7)

Why is cAMP-mediated signal amplification not required in steroid hormone signaling? Describe how steroid signaling is amplified instead.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  • An enzyme termed adenylyl cyclase that's membrane-bound is sequentially activated by the active G-protein.
  • ATP is modified into cAMP through the action of adenylyl cyclase.

Step by step solution

01

cAMP 

  • In turn, protein kinases are activated by cAMP, which causes them to transfer an ATP phosphate group to a substrate molecule in a very procedure called phosphorylation.
  • A substrate molecule's structural orientation is altered by phosphorylation, which activates it.
  • Changes in cellular functions can then be mediated by these activated molecules.
02

Adenylyl cyclase

  • A hormone's impact is increased because the signalling pathway develops.
  • Adenylyl cyclase is activated when a hormone binds to 1 receptor and a number of other G-proteins are activated as a result.
  • The numerous molecules of cAMP are then produced as a results of each adenylyl cyclase molecule.

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