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Chapter 1: Q.29 (page 7)

Why is the immune response after reinfection much faster than the adaptive immune response after the initial infection?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Post reinfection, the generation of memory cells makes the immune response much quicker in comparison to the adaptive immune response post the initial infection.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction: 

An antigen-specific T or B lymphocyte, which does not differentiate into effector cells during the primary immune response, however, which can instantly turn into effector cells upon reexposure to the same pathogen is known as a memory cell.

02

Explanation: 

After reinfection, the memory cells will instantaneously divide into plasma cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) without any kind of input from TH cells or antigen-presenting cells. In comparison, the adaptive immune response to the initial infection needs time for the naïve T and B cells with suitable antigen specificities to be determined and stimulated.

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