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Chapter 13: 13-3TYU (page 268)

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

  1. sister chromatids separate during anaphase
  2. DNA replicates before the division.
  3. the daughter cells are diploid.
  4. homologous chromosomes synapse

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The option “sister chromatids separate during anaphase” is true.
  2. The option “DNA replicates before the division” isfalse.
  3. The option “the daughter cells are diploid.” is false.
  4. The option “homologous chromosomes synapse” is false.

Step by step solution

01

Description of meiosis

There are two types of cell division, namely, mitosis and meiosis. Meiosis is the process that is specific for the sex cells. In meiosis, the division of cells takes place twice to form four haploid daughter cells.

02

Explanation of option “(A)”                                                           

Anaphase is a similar phase in mitosis and meiosis II. In this process, the cohesion protein is removed from the sister chromatids to allow the movement of the sister chromatids.

The segregation phase of chromosomes takes place in the anaphase of both mitosis and meiosis II.

Therefore, the given option is true.

03

Explanation of option “(B)”

Meiosis II is the process in which DNA replication occurs at the starting of meiosis II. The replication of DNA does not occur at the end of meiosis since there is no interphase required in the meiotic phase.

Mitosis is the process in which DNA replication takes place in the interphase or synthesis phase.

DNA replication is the difference between mitosis and meiosis II.

Therefore, the given option is false.

04

Explanation of option “(C)”

The daughter cells produced in the meiosis II process are haploid. The mitosis process can form both the haploid and diploid daughter cells.

The daughter cells produced in mitosis and meiosis differ in the number of chromosomes present.

Therefore, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option “(D)”

Homologous chromosome synapse is the specific structure that is formed during the meiosis process. Synapse is formed by overlapping of chromosomes with each other. It is not formed in the mitosis process.

Homologous chromosome synapse is seen only in meiosis.

Therefore, the given option is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If we continue to follow the cell lineage from question 4, then the DNA content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis II will be

  1. 0.25x
  2. 0.5x
  3. x
  4. 2x

Most of the yeast cells in the culture were in G1 of the cell cycle before being moved to the nutrient-poor medium. (a) How many femtograms of DNA are there in each yeast cell in G1? Estimate this value from the data in your graph. (b) How many femtograms of DNA should be present in each cell in G2? (See Concept 12.2 and Figure 12.6.) At the end of meiosis I (MI)? At the end of meiosis II (MII)? (See Figure 13.7.) (c) Using these values as a guideline, distinguish the different phases by inserting vertical dashed lines in the graph between phases and label each phase (G1, S, G2, MI, MII). You can figure out where to put the dividing lines based on what you know about the DNA content of each phase (see Figure 13.7). (d) Think carefully about the point where the line at the highest value begins to slope downward. What specific point of meiosis does this “corner” represent? What stage(s) correspond to the downward sloping line?

Explain how you can tell that the cell in question 6 is undergoing meiosis, not mitosis.

The diagram in question 6 represents just a few of the chromosomes of meiotic cells in a certain person. Assume the freckles gene is located at the locus marked F, and the hair color gene is located at the locus H, both on the long chromosome. The individual from whom this cell was taken has inherited different alleles for each gene ("freckles" and "black hair" from one parent, and "no freckles" in the gametes resulting from this meiotic event. (It will help if you draw out the rest of meiosis and label the alleles by name.) List other possible combinations of these alleles in this individual's gametes.

In Figure 13.4, how many DNA molecules (double helices) are present (see Figure 12.5)? What is the haploid number of this cell? Is a set of chromosomes haploid or diploid?
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