Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they

(A) express different genes

(B) contains different genes.

(C) use different genetic codes.

(D) have unique ribosomes.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(A) The option “express different genes” is true.

(B) The option “contains different genes” is false.

(C) The option “use different genetic codes” is false.

(D) The option “have unique ribosomes” is false.

Step by step solution

01

Muscle and nerve cells

There are different types of cells present in the different organs. The muscle cells are present in the muscles. The nerve cells are present in the neuronal system, which is the basic unit of the brain.

02

Explanation of option “(A)”

Gene expression is the process that creates proteins that happens via the process of transcription and translation. The different genes are expressed in different types of cells.

Muscle cells and nerve cells express a particular gene type.

Therefore, the given option is true.

03

Explanation of option “(B)”

The muscle and nerve cells vary in the expression of different genes, leading to various gene products. The variation of genes may be present in different types of cells. But the gene expression determines the variation in cellular metabolism of cell types.

The presence of different genes does not cause functional variation in muscle cells and nerve cells.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

04

Explanation of option “(C)”

Different genetic codes will code for different amino acids. The genetic codes determine the variation in the amino acid sequences.

The difference between the muscle and nerve cells is due to the difference in gene expression and not differences in genetic codes.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

05

Explanation of option “(D)”

Ribosomes are the organelle that is commonly present in all the cells which are responsible for protein synthesis. The muscle cell and the nerve cell do not have a particular type of ribosome.

No difference is seen due to the uniqueness of ribosomes in the muscle cells and nerve cells.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements about the DNA in one of your brain cells is true?

(A) Most of the DNA codes for protein.

(B) The majority of genes are likely to be transcribed.

(C) It is the same as the DNA in one of your liver cells.

(D) Each gene lies immediately adjacent to an enhancer.

Suppose the mRNA being degraded in Figure 18.14 coded for a protein that promotes cell division in a multi-cellular organism. What would happen if a mutation disabled the gene for the miRNA that triggers this degradation?

In a short essay (100-150words), discuss how the processes shown in Figure 18.2 are examples of feedback mechanisms regulating biological systems in bacterial cells.

The diagram below five genes, including their enhancers, from the genome of a certain species. Imagine that pink, blue, green, black, grey and dark blue activator proteins exist that can bind to the approximately colour-coded control elements in the enhancers of these genes.

(a) Draw an X above enhancer elements (of all the genes) that would have activators bound in a cell where only gene five is transcribed. Identify which coloured activators would be present.

(b) Draw a dot above all enhancer elements that would have activators bound in a cell where the green, blue, and yellow activators are present. Identify which gene(s) would be transcribed.

(c) Imagine that genes 1, 2, and 4 codes for nerve-specific proteins, and genes 3 and 5 are skin-specific. Identify which activators would have to be present in each cell type to ensure transcription of the appropriate genes.

Cell differentiation always involves

(A) transcription of the myoD gene.

(B) the movement of cells.

(C) the production of tissue-specific factors

(D) the selection loss of certain genes from the genome.

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