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Chapter 16: 16-5TYU (page 333)

In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around

  1. histones
  2. ribosomes
  3. polymerase molecules
  4. a thymine dimer

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The option “histones” is true.
  2. The option “ribosomes” is false.
  3. The option “polymerase molecules” is false.
  4. The option “a thymine dimer” is false.

Step by step solution

01

DNA

DNA is present in the nucleus, which is the center part of the cell. DNA is a long molecule that contains genes. It is folded compactly to occupy the space within the nucleus.

02

Explanation of option (A)

Histones are the protein molecule that wraps DNA to form nucleosomes. It is a basic unit present in the chromatin. There are eight histones’ proteins found.

The wrapping of DNA with the histones takes place to make the DNA structure compact within the nucleus.

Therefore, the given option is true.

03

Explanation of option (B)

The ribosome is an organelle that is the site of protein synthesis found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. It is a membranous organelle that is connected with the nucleus.

A nucleosome is a structure found inside the nucleus. But the ribosomes are the organelle present in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Therefore, the given option is false.

04

Explanation of option (C)

A polymerase is an enzyme that works in the replication of DNA. It adds nucleotide bases to the newly produced strands.

A polymerase is an enzyme that does not have a connection with nucleosomes.

Therefore, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The thymine dimer structures are formed due to DNA exposure to radiation such as UV rays. Thymine residues present near each other attached via a covalent bond to form a thymine dimer.

Thymine dimer is due to exposure to radiation and is not wrapped with the DNA in the nucleosome.

Therefore, the given option is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What role does complementary base pairing play in the replication of DNA?

A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?

  1. DNA polymerase
  2. DNA ligase
  3. Okazaki fragments
  4. primase

What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?

  1. Origins of replication occur only at the 5’ end.
  2. Helicases and single-strand bindingproteins work at the 5’end.
  3. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3’end of a pre-existing strand, and the strands are antiparallel.
  4. DNA ligase works only in the 3’5’ direction.

Model building can be an important part of the scientific process. The illustration shown above is a computer-generated model of a DNA replication complex. The parental and newly synthesized DNA strands are colour coded differently, as are each of the following three proteins DNA pol III, the sliding clamp, and single-stranded binding protein.

  1. Using what you've learned in this chapter to clarify this model, label each DNA strand and protein.
  2. Draw an arrow to indicate the overall direction of DNA replication.

Given a polynucleotide sequence such as GAATTC. Explain what further information you would need in order to identify which is the 5’ end. (See Figure 16.5)
See all solutions

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