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Chapter 9: Problem 12

Adenine may also be named 6-amino purine. How would you name the other four nitrogenous bases, using this alternative system? (O is oxy, and \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) is methyl.)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The alternative names for the nitrogenous bases are: 1. Guanine: 2-amino-6-oxy purine 2. Cytosine: 4-amino-2-oxy pyrimidine 3. Thymine: 5-methyl-2,4-dioxy pyrimidine 4. Uracil: 2,4-dioxy pyrimidine

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the functional groups

First, we should identify the functional groups in each of the nitrogenous bases. These functional groups typically include the amine group (NH2), carbonyl group (C=O), and methyl group (CH3). For RNA, the nitrogenous bases are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U). For DNA, the nitrogenous bases are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T).
02

Naming Guanine

Guanine is a purine with an amino group (NH2) at position 2 and a carbonyl group (C=O) at position 6 on the purine ring structure. Using the alternative naming system, Guanine can be named "2-amino-6-oxy purine".
03

Naming Cytosine

Cytosine is a pyrimidine with an amino group (NH2) at position 4 and a carbonyl group (C=O) at position 2 on the pyrimidine ring structure. Using the alternative naming system, Cytosine can be named "4-amino-2-oxy pyrimidine".
04

Naming Thymine

Thymine is a pyrimidine found in DNA with a carbonyl group (C=O) at position 2 and 4, and a methyl group (CH3) at position 5 on the pyrimidine ring structure. Using the alternative naming system, Thymine can be named "5-methyl-2,4-dioxy pyrimidine".
05

Naming Uracil

Uracil is a pyrimidine found in RNA with a carbonyl group (C=O) at position 2 and 4 on the pyrimidine ring structure. Using the alternative naming system, Uracil can be named "2,4-dioxy pyrimidine". In summary, the alternative names for the other four nitrogenous bases are: 1. Guanine: 2-amino-6-oxy purine 2. Cytosine: 4-amino-2-oxy pyrimidine 3. Thymine: 5-methyl-2,4-dioxy pyrimidine 4. Uracil: 2,4-dioxy pyrimidine

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the hyperchromic effect? How is it measured? What does \(T_{m}\) imply?

What are the exceptions to the general rule that DNA is the genetic material in all organisms? What evidence supports these exceptions?

Discuss the reasons why proteins were generally favored over DNA as the genetic material before \(1940 .\) What was the role of the tetranucleotide hypothesis in this controversy?

During electrophoresis, DNA molecules can easily be separated according to size because all DNA molecules have the same charge-mass ratio and the same shape (long rod). Would you expect RNA molecules to behave in the same manner as DNA during electrophoresis? Why or why not?

What observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? List and discuss them.
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