List three main differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA and RNA have different structures. DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule. Additionally, the sugar in DNA is called deoxyribose, and the sugar in RNA is called ribose. The presence of an extra oxygen atom in ribose leads to differences in the stability of these molecules, with DNA being more stable than RNA.

Both DNA and RNA contain four nitrogen bases, which are the building blocks of their structure. DNA has adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine as its bases. RNA, on the other hand, has adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil as its bases. Essentially, RNA has uracil instead of thymine, which is present in DNA.

DNA is mostly located in the cell nucleus, where it stores the genetic information required for the development, reproduction, and functioning of the organisms. Its primary role is to store and preserve genetic information across generations. RNA, in contrast, is found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. Its primary function is to facilitate the process of gene expression, including encoding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. There are different types of RNA molecules like mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA), which participate in the process of protein synthesis. In summary, DNA and RNA differ in their structure, bases, and location and function within the cell.