Three independently assorting genes are known to control the biochemical pathway below that provides the basis for flower color in a hypothetical plant colorless \(\stackrel{A-}{\longrightarrow}\) yellow \(\stackrel{B-}{\longrightarrow}\) green \(\stackrel{C-}{\longrightarrow}\) speckled Homozygous recessive mutations, which disrupt enzyme function controlling each step, are known. Determine the phenotypic results in the \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) and \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generations resulting from the \(\mathrm{P}_{1}\) crosses involving true-breeding plants given here. (a) speckled \(\quad(A A B B C C) \quad \times \quad\) yellow \(\quad(A A b b C C)\) (b) yellow \(\quad(A A b b C C) \quad \times \quad\) green \((A A B B C C)\) (c) colorless \((a a B B C C) \quad \times \quad\) green \(\quad(A A B B C c)\)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the parental genotypes

The parental genotypes are as follows: Parent 1: Speckled (AABBCC) Parent 2: Yellow (AAbbCC)

02

Create Punnett squares for each gene

For each gene, a simple Punnett square represents the possible allele combinations between the parents. For gene A: ``` A A A A A A A A ``` For gene B: ``` B b B B B b b b ``` For gene C: ``` C C C C C C C C ```

03

Calculate the expected phenotypes

Combine the possible allele combinations from each gene and analyze the outcomes: In the F1 generation, all plants will have the genotype AABBCC (speckled) due to dominance. (b) yellow \((A A b b C C) \times\) green \((A A B B C C)\)

04

Identify the parental genotypes

The parental genotypes are as follows: Parent 1: Yellow (AAbbCC) Parent 2: Green (AABBCC)

05

Create Punnett squares for each gene

For each gene, a simple Punnett square represents the possible allele combinations between the parents. For gene A: ``` A A A A A A A A ``` For gene B: ``` B b B B B b b b ``` For gene C: ``` C C C C C C C C ```

06

Calculate the expected phenotypes

Combine the possible allele combinations from each gene and analyze the phenotypic outcomes in the F1 generation: All plants with genotype AABBCC (speckled) (c) colorless \((a a B B C C) \times\) green \((A A B B C c)\)

07

Identify the parental genotypes

The parental genotypes are as follows: Parent 1: Colorless (aaBBCC) Parent 2: Green (AABBCC)

08

Create Punnett squares for each gene

For each gene, a simple Punnett square represents the possible allele combinations between the parents. For gene A: ``` a A a a A A A A ``` For gene B: ``` B B B B B B B B ``` For gene C: ``` C c C C C C C c ```

09

Calculate the expected phenotypes

Combine the possible allele combinations from each gene and analyze the phenotypic outcomes in the F1 generation: 50% speckled (AaBBCC) and 50% green (AaBBCC)

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