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Chapter 14: Q6P (page 476)

In the partial reactions shown below, is the reactant undergoing oxidation or reduction?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The reactant is undergoing reduction.

(b) The reactant is undergoing reduction.

Step by step solution

01

Oxidation and reduction

Oxidation is the process of increasing the oxidation state, while reduction is the process of decreasing the oxidation state.

A number of principles are employed to determine the oxidation state of carbon atoms. The oxidation state is unaffected by any bonds that may exist between carbon atoms. The oxidation state is decreased by one for each connection between a carbon and a hydrogen atom. The oxidation state is increased by one for each link of carbon to an electronegative element.

02

Explanation for part (a)

When carbon reacts, it forms a double bond with oxygen and is in the +2 state. After the process, it forms single bonds with hydrogen and oxygen, resulting in an oxidation state of 0, resulting in the decrease of oxidation state.

Hence, this reaction undergoes reduction.

03

Explanation for part (b)

The reduction of carbon with an -OH group is the reaction that results in the production of double bonds from alcohol. Thus, the oxidation state decreases.

Hence, the reaction undergoes reduction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The reaction catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase,

Malate=NAD+→oxalocetate+NAD+H+

has a ∆Go' value of +29.7kJ.mol-1 . (a) Would this reaction occur spontaneously in a cell? (b) How does the citrate synthase reaction (described in Problem 7 ) promote the malate dehydrogenase reaction in the cell? What is the overall change in free energy for the two reactions?

Citrate synthase catalyses the reaction

Oxaloacetate+acetyl-CoA→citrate+HS-CoA

The standard free energy change for the reaction is role="math" localid="1660738017563" -31.5kJ·mol-1. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 37oC. (b) Would you expect this reaction to serve as a control point for its pathway (the citric acid cycle)?

Use the words obligate, facultative, aerobic, anaerobic, autotroph, and heterotroph to describe the metabolism of a human, oak tree, E. coli,and Methanococcus jannaschii(an organism that lives in deepwater anoxic sediments).

A hypothetical three-step metabolic pathway consists of intermediates W, X, Y, and Z and enzymes A, B, and C. Deduce the order of the enzymatic steps in the pathway from the following information:

1. Compound Q, a metabolic inhibitor of enzyme B, causes Z to build up.

2. A mutant in enzyme C requires Y for growth.

3. An inhibitor of enzyme A causes W, Y, and Z to accumulate.

4. Compound P, a metabolic inhibitor of enzyme C, causes W and Z to build up.

Question:Does the magnitude of the free energy change for ATP hydrolysis increase or decrease as the pH increases from 5 to 6?
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