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Chapter 3: Q3. (page 77)

In many organisms, DNA is modified by methylation. Draw the structure of 5-methylcytosine, a base that occurs with high frequency in inactive DNA.

Short Answer

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The structure of 5-methylcytosine is:

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

A DNA molecule is made up of helical strands comprising of nucleotide base pairs that carry genetic instructions for the growth, development, function, and reproduction all living species.

The addition of methyl groups to nucleotides in a DNA molecule changes the structure of the DNA molecule. The nucleotide sequences of DNA do not change after methylation, however the expression of methylated genes may alter.

02

5-Methylcytosine

When the methyl group is added to the 5th carbon atom of cytosine without changing its base-pairing characteristics, 5-methylcytosine is generated.5-Methylcytosine has a role in gene transcription control.

03

Pictorial representation of methylation of cytosine

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Explain why a cloning vector usually includes a selectable marker.

Explain how evolution results from mutations in DNA.

Using a three-dimensional computer model of the DNA molecule (such as shown in Interactive Exercise 1), identify each of the following structural features: the 3′ and 5′ end of each strand, the atoms that make up the sugar-phosphate backbone, the major and minor grooves, the bases in several base pairs, and the atoms that participate in hydrogen bonding in A =T and G=C base pairs.

The 13-Mb genome of the green alga Ostreococcus tauri contains 8000genes. Compare the gene density in this eukaryote to that of E. coli (4300genes) and that of A. thaliana (25000genes).

What is a DNA library and how can it be screened for a particular gene?
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