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Chapter 18: Problem 34

Which of these helps to ensure that genetic diversity will be maintained? a. independent alignment during metaphase I b. crossing-over during prophase c. fusion of sperm and egg nuclei during fertilization d. All of these are correct.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is d. All of these are correct, as independent alignment during metaphase I, crossing-over during prophase, and fusion of sperm and egg nuclei during fertilization all contribute to maintaining genetic diversity.

Step by step solution

01

Evaluate Option A: Independent alignment during metaphase I

Independent alignment during metaphase I refers to how homologous chromosomes line up randomly along the metaphase plate during meiosis. This process, also known as independent assortment, contributes to genetic diversity by creating unique combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.
02

Evaluate Option B: Crossing-over during prophase

Crossing-over during prophase refers to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This process increases genetic diversity by generating new combinations of alleles within an individual's chromosomes.
03

Evaluate Option C: Fusion of sperm and egg nuclei during fertilization

The fusion of sperm and egg nuclei during fertilization is the process in which a sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a zygote. This fusion brings together genetic material from two different parents, contributing to genetic diversity in the offspring.
04

Select the correct answer

Based on our evaluations, all the processes mentioned - independent alignment during metaphase I (a), crossing-over during prophase (b), and fusion of sperm and egg nuclei during fertilization (c) - contribute to genetic diversity. Therefore, the correct answer is: d. All of these are correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Crossing-over occurs between a. sister chromatids of the same chromosome. b. chromatids of nonhomologous chromosomes. c. nonsister chromatids of a homologous pair. d. Both b and c are correct.

In humans, mitosis is necessary to a. grow and repair damaged tissue. b. form the gametes. c. maintain the same chromosome number in body cells. d. Both a and c are correct.

A person with Klinefelter syndrome is _____ and has _____ sex chromosomes. a. male, XYY b. male, XXY c. female, XXY d. female, XO

If a parent cell has 22 chromosomes, the daughter cells following meiosis II will have a. 22 chromosomes. b. 44 chromosomes. c. 11 chromosomes. d. Any of these could be correct.

Describe three changes that can occur in chromosome structure and some syndromes caused by such changes. (pages \(437-40\) )
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