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Chapter 22: Problem 15

Which statement is true regarding the interpretation of the Mantoux test? A. The Mantoux test provides a definitive diagnosis for tuberculosis. B. A positive skin test can be accurately measured for up to seven days after the test is administered. C. Immunization with the BCG vaccine can result in a false negative reading- D. Negative reactions can be measured accurately for only 48 hours after the test is given.

Short Answer

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Question: Identify the correct statement related to the interpretation of the Mantoux test, if any. A) The Mantoux test provides a definitive diagnosis for tuberculosis. B) A positive skin test can be accurately measured for up to seven days after the test is administered. C) Immunization with the BCG vaccine can result in a false negative reading. D) Negative reactions can be measured accurately for only 48 hours after the test is given. Answer: None of the provided statements are correct.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Mantoux test

The Mantoux test, also known as a PPD (purified protein derivative) test, is a skin test that helps determine if a person has been infected with tuberculosis (TB). The test involves injecting a tiny amount of PPD, a protein produced by the TB bacteria, into the top layer of skin. After 48 to 72 hours, the injection site is examined for swelling or redness, which might indicate an immune response to the protein.
02

Analyze statement A

It reads: "The Mantoux test provides a definitive diagnosis for tuberculosis." The Mantoux test is a screening tool and not a definitive diagnostic test for tuberculosis. A positive reaction indicates TB exposure, but it does not necessarily indicate an active infection. Additional testing, like a chest X-ray or sputum examination, is needed to confirm the diagnosis of active TB. Hence, statement A is incorrect.
03

Analyze statement B

Statement B says: "A positive skin test can be accurately measured for up to seven days after the test is administered." The optimal time for reading the test is between 48 to 72 hours after administration. Beyond that time, the accuracy of the test decreases significantly. A reading beyond 72 hours might result in over-reading induration size and false-positive results. Therefore, statement B is incorrect.
04

Analyze statement C

The statement C is: "Immunization with the BCG vaccine can result in a false negative reading." BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) is a vaccine for tuberculosis typically administered to children in countries with a high prevalence of TB. BCG vaccination can cause a false-positive reading, not a false-negative, on the Mantoux test as it induces an immune response to the PPD. Therefore, statement C is incorrect.
05

Analyze statement D

Statement D reads: "Negative reactions can be measured accurately for only 48 hours after the test is given." The standard time for reading the test is between 48 to 72 hours. Reading it before 48 hours can lead to false-negative results. Therefore, the statement D is incorrect. Since all statements are found to be incorrect, it might be necessary to consult additional resources or re-evaluate the problem posed in the exercise.

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