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Chapter 22: Problem 94

The physician has ordered blood pressures and pulses to be taken in all four extremities of a six-month old admitted with a congenital heart defect. Which congenital heart defect is associated with elevated blood pressures and bounding pulses in the upper extremities, but low blood pressures and faint pulses in the lower extremities: A. Ventricular septal defect B. Coarctation of the aorta C. Transposition of the great vessels D. Patent ductus arteriosus

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: B. Coarctation of the aorta

Step by step solution

01

Ventricular septal defect

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the wall separating the two lower chambers of the heart. This condition can cause a mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood but does not typically cause differences in blood pressure and pulses between the upper and lower extremities. So, this option is not the correct answer.
02

Coarctation of the aorta

Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta, which is the main blood vessel carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The narrowing may cause differences in blood pressure and pulse between the upper and lower extremities, as it restricts blood flow to the lower extremities, resulting in elevated blood pressure and bounding pulses in the upper extremities, and low blood pressure and faint pulses in the lower extremities. This condition matches the given scenario.
03

Transposition of the great vessels

Transposition of the great vessels is a condition where the pulmonary artery and the aorta are switched (connected to the wrong ventricles). This condition causes a mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood but does not lead to differences in blood pressure and pulses between the upper and lower extremities. Hence, this option is not the correct answer.
04

Patent ductus arteriosus

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent opening between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which are the two major blood vessels leading from the heart. While PDA can cause some issues in circulation, it does not generally cause differences in blood pressure and pulses between the upper and lower extremities. Therefore, this option is not the correct answer.
05

Select the correct option

After analyzing all the given options, we can conclude that the congenital heart defect associated with elevated blood pressures and bounding pulses in the upper extremities, but low blood pressures and faint pulses in the lower extremities is: B. Coarctation of the aorta

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The physician has ordered hyperbaric oxygen therapy for a client with a stage III diabetic ulcer. Before instituting the therapy, the nurse should: A. Ask the client whether she has a pacemaker B. Determine the client's weight C. Assess the client's ability to lie still for an hour D. Determine the client's tolerance of enclosed spaces

While assessing a client three hours after a transurethral prostatectomy, the nurse notes that the catheter drainage is bright red in color and contains many chots. The nurse should give priority to: A. Continuing to monitor the drainage B. Immediately notifying the charge nurse C. Making sure that the catheter is taped snugly to the client's thigh D. Offering additional oral fluids to prevent dehydration

The nurse is observing a group of preschool children. Which statement is true regarding the language skills of a three-year-old? A. The three-year-old knows simple songs. B. The three-year-old talks incessantly although no one is listening. C. The three-year-old knows the days of the week. D. The three-year-old tells exaggerated stories.

The nurse is reviewing the lab reports of a client with chronic glomerulonephritis. Which lab finding indicates deterioration in renal function? A. Serum creatinine of \(3.2 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\) B. Urine specific gravity of \(1.020\) C. Blood urea nitrogen of \(15 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\) D. Urine \(\mathrm{pH}\) of \(7.0\)

An child with ventricular septal defect develops orthopnea during his morning bath. The nurse should place the child: A. On the right side B. Supine C. On the left side D. Upright
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