A nurse's assessment of a client reveals shortness of breath, anxiety, and asymmetrical chest expansion. After starting the patient on ordered \(\mathrm{O}_2\) at \(3 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}\), what is the nurse's next action? A. Assess the chart for pulmonary function test results B. Place the client in a supine position with his head flat C. Notify the charge nurse D. Order a portable chest x-ray

Nursing assessment skills are the cornerstone of effective patient care. These skills enable nurses to interpret a patient’s needs accurately and to make informed decisions about their care. This begins with a systematic evaluation of the patient’s physical and psychological state, medical history, and current symptoms—like shortness of breath and asymmetrical chest expansion.

When applied to a patient experiencing respiratory distress, a nurse must be attuned to the nuances of the situation. For instance, a detailed assessment may reveal the urgency for oxygen therapy or identify potential complications, prompting further investigation such as ordering pulmonary function tests. By honing the ability to perform a comprehensive and detail-oriented assessment, nurses can significantly impact patient outcomes.

The correct administration of oxygen is critical in managing patients with respiratory difficulties. It requires more than just setting the flow rate; it involves an understanding of the patient's specific oxygen needs and monitoring their response to therapy.

In the case of administering \(\mathrm{O}_2\) at \(3 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}\), the nurse must also consider the patient's comfort and potential complications such as oxygen toxicity or CO2 retention. The flow rate should be adjusted in response to the patient's saturation levels and clinical signs, ensuring it aligns with the goals of therapy. Mastery of oxygen administration can not only alleviate symptoms like shortness of breath but also prevent the progression of respiratory distress.

Effective management of respiratory conditions involves a balance of interventions designed to stabilize the patient and measures to prevent further decline. This involves immediate action like administering oxygen, coupled with ongoing assessment, such as observing for improved symmetry in chest expansion and reduced anxiety levels.

The nurse must also be prepared to escalate care promptly, as indicated by pulmonary function test results or through additional diagnostic tools like a portable chest x-ray. Collaborating with the healthcare team and continuous reassessment allows for timely adjustments to the treatment plan. Managing respiratory conditions is dynamic and requires the nurse to be vigilant and responsive to the patient's evolving needs.