Which of the following conditions is most likely related to the development of renal calculi? A. Gout B. Pancreatitis C. Fractured femur D. Disc disease

First, it's important to know what renal calculi are and then understand each given condition briefly: - Renal calculi (kidney stones): Solid or crystalline deposits formed in the kidneys from dissolved urinary salts. - Gout: A form of arthritis characterized by severe pain, redness, and swelling in joints due to the accumulation of urate crystals. - Pancreatitis: Inflammation in the pancreas, which may occur due to various reasons, including gallstones or excessive alcohol consumption. - Fractured femur: A breakage in the femur bone, usually caused by trauma or accident. - Disc disease: A degenerative condition affecting the spinal discs, leading to pain and restricted movement.

Next, analyze the connection (if any) between each of these conditions and renal calculi: - Gout: Gout and renal calculi share a common link in that both can be caused by high levels of uric acid in the body. Uric acid may form crystals in the joints (leading to gout) and also in the kidneys, where it contributes to renal calculi formation. - Pancreatitis: Though pancreatitis has some possible risk factors associated with kidney stones, such as high triglyceride levels or excessive alcohol consumption, it is not a direct cause of renal calculi. - Fractured femur: A fractured femur has no known association with the development of renal calculi. - Disc disease: Like a fractured femur, disc disease does not have a direct connection with renal calculi formation.

Based on the analysis, gout is the condition most likely related to the development of renal calculi due to the common link of high uric acid levels in the body. Thus, the correct choice is: A. Gout