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Chapter 21: Problem 77

The client is admitted with Cushing's disease. Which symptoms support the diagnosis of Cushing's disease? A. Hypoglycemia and weight loss B. Increased lymphocytes and pale complexion C. Osteoporosis and a pendulous abdomen D. Decreased blood pressure and cyanosis

Short Answer

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A. Hypoglycemia and weight loss B. Increased lymphocytes and pale complexion C. Osteoporosis and a pendulous abdomen D. Decreased blood pressure and cyanosis Answer: C. Osteoporosis and a pendulous abdomen

Step by step solution

01

Understand Cushing's disease

Cushing's disease is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure of high levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) in the body. Some of the common symptoms of Cushing's disease include weight gain, redistribution of fat (especially in the face and upper back), thinning of the skin, easy bruising, increased susceptibility to infections, and fatigue.
02

Examine each option provided

We will now go through the options provided and determine which set of symptoms support the diagnosis of Cushing's disease.
03

Option A: Hypoglycemia and weight loss

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and weight loss are not common symptoms of Cushing's disease. The disease is more typically associated with weight gain, not weight loss. Additionally, elevated cortisol levels in Cushing's disease may cause hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) instead of hypoglycemia. Therefore, option A is incorrect.
04

Option B: Increased lymphocytes and pale complexion

Increased lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and pale complexion are also not common symptoms of Cushing's disease. While cortisol can affect the immune system, the symptoms listed in this option are not specific to Cushing's disease, making option B incorrect.
05

Option C: Osteoporosis and a pendulous abdomen

Osteoporosis (thinning of bones) and a pendulous abdomen (a swollen, hanging belly) are common symptoms of Cushing's disease. Osteoporosis results from the increased breakdown of bone tissue due to high cortisol levels, while a pendulous abdomen is caused by the characteristic redistribution of fat associated with the disease. Therefore, option C is correct.
06

Option D: Decreased blood pressure and cyanosis

Decreased blood pressure and cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin) are not associated with Cushing's disease. While high cortisol levels can lead to an increase in blood pressure, decreased blood pressure is not a symptom of the disease. Cyanosis is also unrelated to Cushing's disease, making option D incorrect.
07

Conclusion

Based on our analysis of each option, the correct answer is option C, as osteoporosis and a pendulous abdomen are the symptoms that support the diagnosis of Cushing's disease.

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