What are the three broad categories of diseases of the nervous system?

The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and cells that transmit signals between different parts of the body. It consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS comprises the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all the nerves outside the CNS. Disorders or diseases affecting any part of this system can lead to various neurological issues.

Based on the causes and the parts of the nervous system affected, the diseases of the nervous system can be divided into three broad categories: 1. Neurodegenerative diseases: These are diseases in which the nervous system's cells (neurons) progressively degenerate and die. Common examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). 2. Autoimmune diseases: These are diseases in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the nervous system, leading to inflammation and damage. Examples include Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Myasthenia Gravis, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome. 3. Infections and tumors: These are diseases caused by infections (such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites) or the formation of tumors affecting the nervous system. Infections include Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Neurosyphilis, while tumors can be benign or malignant, such as Gliomas, Schwannomas, and Medulloblastomas. In conclusion, the three broad categories of diseases of the nervous system are neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infections and tumors.