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Chapter 27: Problem 12

Cognitive dysfunction is not a typical feature of ALS. True/False

Short Answer

Expert verified
True

Step by step solution

01

Understand ALS

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease or Motor Neuron Disease (MND). The symptoms mainly involve muscle weakness, atrophy, and spasticity, leading to difficulties in speaking, swallowing, and breathing.
02

Understand Cognitive Dysfunction

Cognitive dysfunction refers to problems in mental processes, such as memory, attention, language, reasoning, and decision-making. It is commonly related to neurological disorders, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
03

Determine if Cognitive Dysfunction is a Typical Feature of ALS

Although the primary symptoms of ALS involve muscle weakness and motor difficulties, research has shown that some people with ALS may experience mild cognitive dysfunction, particularly in areas such as problem-solving, decision-making, and social or emotional functioning. However, it is important to note that these cognitive changes are generally minimal to moderate compared to the motor symptoms and do not occur in all individuals with ALS. It is not considered a typical feature but may be present in some cases.
04

Answer the Statement

Based on the information, cognitive dysfunction is not a significant or typical feature in ALS, but it may occasionally occur in mild to moderate forms in some individuals. So, the statement "Cognitive dysfunction is not a typical feature of ALS" is True.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which line(s) of evidence from human studies support that the immune inflammatory response in \(\mathrm{ALS}\) has a role in amplifying disease progression? a. Increased expression of myeloid dendritic cells mRNA transcripts in ALS spinal cord that correlates with a faster rate of progression b. Increased mRNA expressions of the chemokine MCP-1, and the cytokine macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in ALS spinal cord, which attracts and induces differentiation of monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells, respectively. c. Both a and b d. Neither a or b

Which of the following proposed pathogenic mechanisms in ALS are considered mutually exclusive (present in isolation) of other proposed mechanisms of disease? a. glutamate excitotoxicity b. generation of free radicals c. disrupted axoplasmic flow d. altered calcium homeostasis e. all of the above f. none of the above

A clinical diagnosis of ALS requires the demonstration of lower motor neuron involvement in which three areas? a. upper extremity limb, eye muscles, and paraspinous muscles b. lower extremity limb, eye muscles, and tongue c. upper extremity limb, tongue, paraspinous muscles d. lower extremity limb, upper extremity, eye muscles

Slurred speech, excessive salivation, and hoarseness may be the presenting feature in what percentage of ALS patients? a. \(15 \%\) b. \(25 \%\) c. \(35 \%\) d. \(45 \%\)

In vitro, motor neuron injury is induced by exposure to activated microglia. Which microglial constituents initiate such injury? 1\. kainite and \(\mathrm{IgG}\) 2\. mSOD1 and peroxynitrite 3\. glutamate and \(I g G\) 4\. peroxynitrite and glutamate a. \(1,2,3\) b. 1,3 c. 2,4 d. 4 only
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