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Chapter 27: Problem 13

A clinical diagnosis of ALS requires the demonstration of lower motor neuron involvement in which three areas? a. upper extremity limb, eye muscles, and paraspinous muscles b. lower extremity limb, eye muscles, and tongue c. upper extremity limb, tongue, paraspinous muscles d. lower extremity limb, upper extremity, eye muscles

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: Upper extremity limb, tongue, and paraspinous muscles.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the question

The question asks us to identify the three areas that require the demonstration of lower motor neuron involvement for a clinical diagnosis of ALS. Let's go through each option.
02

Evaluating Option (a)

Option (a) states that the three areas are upper extremity limb, eye muscles, and paraspinous muscles. While upper extremity limb might be a possible area, eye muscles are not typically involved in ALS, making this option incorrect.
03

Evaluating Option (b)

Option (b) states that the three areas are lower extremity limb, eye muscles, and tongue. Again, eye muscles are not typically involved in ALS. This option is also incorrect.
04

Evaluating Option (c)

Option (c) states that the three areas are upper extremity limb, tongue, and paraspinous muscles. This option seems plausible because upper extremity limb, tongue, and paraspinous muscles can be affected by ALS. Let's keep this option for now and check the last one.
05

Evaluating Option (d)

Option (d) states that the three areas are lower extremity limb, upper extremity limb, and eye muscles. As we have mentioned before, eye muscles are not typically involved in ALS, making this option incorrect.
06

Conclusion

After evaluating all options, we can conclude that the correct answer is (c) upper extremity limb, tongue, and paraspinous muscles. These are the three areas that require the demonstration of lower motor neuron involvement for a clinical diagnosis of ALS.

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