Chapter 37: Problem 4
Cocaine: a. Has no effect on the immune system. b. Exacerbates HIV replication in a mouse/human model of viral replication. c. Binds to the delta opioid receptor. d. Depresses IL-2 production. e. All of the above.
Chapter 37: Problem 4
Cocaine: a. Has no effect on the immune system. b. Exacerbates HIV replication in a mouse/human model of viral replication. c. Binds to the delta opioid receptor. d. Depresses IL-2 production. e. All of the above.
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Get started for freeInhibition of \(T\) cell responses is observed for which of the following drugs of abuse? a. Morphine b. \(\Delta^{9}-\mathrm{THC}\) c. Cocaine d. All of the above e. None of the above
In regard to infections and drugs of abuse: a. Morphine sensitizes mice to infection with Legionella pneumophila (Legionnaires' Disease). b. \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC sensitizes mice to Salmonella infection. c. Morphine and \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC have direct effects on the ability of bacteria to grow in broth cultures. d. Morphine can affect resistance to infection by altering the activity of phagocytes. e. Intravenous drug abusers have a rate of infection the same as the general population.
It is observed that morphine given subcutaneously suppresses responses of spleen cells put into tissue culture with the T-cell mitogen Concanavalin \(\mathbf{A}\) (Con A). a. Mice with a disruption of the gene coding the mu opioid receptor (Mu Opioid Receptor knock-out mice), would not show suppression to \(\operatorname{Con} \mathrm{A}\). b. Morphine acts mainly through the kappa opioid receptor. c. Morphine is mainly metabolized to heroin when it is injected in vivo. d. Methyl-morphine could not be used to determine if peripheral receptors or brain receptors are involved in the immunosuppression. e. None of the above.
The function of G protein-coupled receptors, such as the opioid and cannabinoid receptors, can be regulated by the process of heterologous desensitization. Which of the following statements is true about this regulatory mechanism? a. This process occurs when the activation of one receptor leads to an increased expression of a second receptor. b. This process only occurs between receptors expressed on the surfaces of adjacent cells. c. This process cannot occur between receptors expressed on the same cell. d. This is a process that appears to involve transphophorylation of \(G\) protein-coupled receptors. e. All of the above
Opioids modulate phagocyte activity by: a. Increasing phagocytic uptake of bacteria. b. Decreasing apoptosis of phagocytic cells. c. Enhancing maturation of bone marrow cells into macrophages. d. Decreasing their ability to make microbicidal compounds in vitro. e. Decreasing maturation of lymphocytes in the bone marrow.
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