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Chapter 19: Q19-20RQ (page 1063)
What is the purpose of quality management systems?
The primary purpose of the quality management system is the continuous improvement of business services.
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Activity-based costing requires four steps. List the four steps in the order they are performed.
Question:High Mountain produces fleece jackets. The company uses JIT costing for its JIT production system.
High Mountain has two inventory accounts: Raw and In-Process Inventory and
Finished Goods Inventory. On April 1, 2018, the account balances were Raw and In-Process Inventory, \(10,000; Finished Goods Inventory, \)2,100.
The standard cost of a jacket is \(33, composed of \)12 direct materials plus \(21
conversion costs. Data for April’s activities follow:
Number of jackets completed 19,000
Number of jackets sold (on account for \)50 each) 18,600
Direct materials purchased (on account) \( 220,500
Conversion costs incurred \) 500,000
Requirements
1. What are the major features of a JIT production system such as that of High Mountain?
2. Prepare summary journal entries for April. Underallocated or overallocated
conversion costs are adjusted to Cost of Goods Sold monthly.
3. Use a T-account to determine the April 30, 2018, balance of Raw and In-ProcessInventory.
Question:Roxi, Inc. is using a costs-of-quality approach to evaluate design engineering efforts for a new skateboard. Roxi’s senior managers expect the engineering work to reduceappraisal, internal failure, and external failure activities. The predicted reductionsin activities over the two-year life of the skateboards follow. Also shown are thepredetermined overhead allocation rates for each activity.
Activity | Predicted Reduction in Activity Units | Predetermined Overhead Allocation Rate per unit |
Inspection of incoming raw materials | 395 | \( 44 |
Inspection of finished goods | 395 | 26 |
Number of defective units discovered in-house | 1,500 | 54 |
Number of defective units discovered by customers | 275 | 73 |
Lost profits due to dissatisfied customers | 100 | 103 |
Requirements
1. Calculate the predicted quality cost savings from the design engineering work.
2. Roxi spent \)106,000 on design engineering for the new skateboard. What is the net benefit of this “preventive” quality activity?
3. What major difficulty would Roxi’s managers have in implementing this costs-of quality approach? What alternative approach could they use to measure quality improvement?
Explain the difference between the target price and target cost.
Harcourt Pharmaceuticals manufactures an over-the-counter allergy medication. The company sells both large commercial containers of 1,000 capsules to health care facilities and travel packs of 20 capsules to shops in airports, train stations, and hotels. The following information has been developed to determine if an activity-based costing system would be beneficial:
Activity Estimated Estimated Quantity
Indirect Cost Allocation Base of Allocation Base
Materials handling \( 96,000 Number of kilos 24,000 kilos
Packaging 210,000 Number of machine hours 3,000 hours
Quality assurance 114,000 Number of samples 1,900 samples
Total indirect costs \) 420,000
Other production information includes the following:
Commercial Containers Travel Packs
Units produced 2,800 containers 51,000 packs
Weight in kilos 9,800 5,100
Machine hours 1,960 510
Number of samples 560 765
Requirements
4. Compare the indirect activity-based costs per unit to the indirect costs per unit from the traditional system. How have the unit costs changed? Explain why the costs changed as they did.
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