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Chapter 20: Q20-12RQ (page 1119)
What is cost-volume-profit analysis?
Answer
A tool that explains the relationship between cost, volume and prices are known as cost-volume-profit analysis.
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Analyzing a cost-volume-profit graph
Nolan Rouse is considering starting a Web-based educational business, e-Prep MBA. He plans to offer a short-course review of accounting for students entering MBA programs. The materials would be available on a password-protected Web site; students would complete the course through self-study. Rouse would have to grade the course assignments, but most of the work would be in developing the course materials, setting up the site, and marketing. Unfortunately, Rouse’s hard drive crashed before he finished his financial analysis. However, he did recover the following partial CVP chart:
Requirements
1. Label each axis, the sales revenue line, the total costs line, the fixed costs line, the operating income area, and the breakeven point.
2. If Rouse attracts 300 students to take the course, will the venture be profitable? Explain your answer.
3. What are the breakeven sales in students and dollars?
Before you begin this assignment, review the Tying It All Together feature in the chapter.
Best Buy Co., Inc. is a leading provider of technology products. Customers can shop at more than 1,700 stores or online. The company is also known for its Geek Squad for technology services. Suppose Best Buy is considering a particular HDTV for a major sales item for Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving, known as one of the busiest shopping days of the year. Assume the HDTV has a regular sales price of \(900, a cost of \)500, and a Black Friday proposed discounted sales price of \(650. Best Buy’s 2015 Annual Report states that failure to manage costs could have a material adverse effect on its profitability and that certain elements in its cost structure are largely fixed in nature. Best Buy, like most companies, wishes to maintain price competitiveness while achieving acceptable levels of profitability. (Item 1A. Risk Factors.)
Requirements
1. Calculate the gross profit of the HDTV at the regular sales price and at the discounted sales price.
2. Assume that during the November/December holiday season last year, Best Buy sold an average of 150 of this particular HDTV per store. If the HDTVs are marked down to \)650, how many would each store have to sell this year to make the same total gross profit as last year?
3. Relative to Sales Revenue, what type of costs would Best Buy have that are fixed? What type of costs would be variable?
4. Because Best Buy stated that its cost structure is largely fixed in nature, what might be the impact on operating income if sales decreased? Does having a cost structure that is largely fixed in nature increase the financial risk to a company? Why or why not?
5. In the Tying It All Together feature in the chapter, we looked at the cost of advertising. Is advertising a fixed or variable cost? If the company has a small margin of safety, how would increasing advertising costs affect Best Buy’s operating income? What would be the effect of decreasing advertising costs?
Question: Computing contribution margin in total, per unit, and as a ratio
Complete the table below for contribution margin per unit, total contribution margin, and contribution margin ratio:
A B C Number of units 1,720 units 14,920 units 4,620 units
Sales price per unit \( 1,800 \) 4,500 $ 5,550
Variable costs per unit 720 3,600 1,665
Calculate:
Contribution margin per unit
Total contribution margin
Contribution margin ratio
What is sensitivity analysis? How do managers use this tool?
No Slip Co. produces sports socks. The company has fixed costs of\(91,080 and variable costs of \)0.81 per package. Each package sells for $1.80.
Requirements
1. Compute the contribution margin per package and the contribution marginratio. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
2. Find the breakeven point in units and in dollars using the contributionmargin approach.
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