The budgets of four companies yield the following information:

Company

Beach Lake Mountain Valley

Net Sales Revenue \( 1,615,000 \)(d) \( 1,050,000 \)(j)

Variable Costs (a) 60,000 525,000 100,800

Fixed Costs (b) 232,000 260,000 (k)

Operating Income (Loss) 285,600 (e) (g) 31,500

Units Sold 170,000 10,000 (h) (l)

Contribution Margin per Unit \( 3.80 \) (f) \( 75.00 \) 9.00

Contribution Margin Ratio (c) 80% (i) 30%

Requirements

1. Fill in the blanks for each missing value. (Round the contribution margin per unit to the nearest cent.)

2. Which company has the lowest breakeven point in sales dollars?

3. What causes the low breakeven point?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(1)(a) $969,000

(b) 360,000

(c) 40%

(d) $300,000

(e) $8,000

(f) $24

(g) $265,000

(h) 7,000

(i) 50%

(j) $144,000

(k) $11,700

(l) 4,800

(2) The lowest breakeven point in sales dollars equals $39,000.

(3) Lower contribution margin ratio and lower fixed costs

Step by step solution

01

Calculation of (a), (b), (c)

Net sales revenue

$1,615,000

Variable costs ($1,615,000 / 170,000)-$3.80 ) x 170,000

(a)$969,000

Fixed costs ($1,615,000-$969,000 -$285,600)

(b)$360,400

Operating income (Loss)

$285,600

Units sold

170,000

Contribution margin per unit

$3.80

Contribution margin ratio (($3.80 x 170,000) / $1,615,000)

(c)40%

02

Calculation of (d), (e), (f)

Net sales revenue ($60,000 / (1-80%)

(d) $300,000

Variable costs

$60,000

Fixed costs

$232,000

Operating income (Loss) ($300,000-$60,000-$232,000)

(e) $8,000

Units sold

10,000

Contribution margin per unit ($300,000-$60,000)/10,000

(f)$24

Contribution margin ratio

80%

03

Calculation of (g), (h), (i)

Net sales revenue

$1,050,000

Variable costs

$525,000

Fixed costs

$260,000

Operating income (Loss) ($1,050,000-$525,000-$260,000)

(g) $265,000

Units sold ($1,050,000-$525,000) / $75

(h) 7,000

Contribution margin per unit

$75

Contribution margin ratio ($1,050,000-$525,000)/$1,050,000)

(i)50%

04

Calculation of (j), (k), (l) 

Net sales revenue ($100,800 / (1-30%))

(j)$144,000

Variable costs

$100,800

Fixed costs ($144,000-$100,800-$31,500)

(k)$11,700

Operating income (Loss)

$31,500

Units sold ($144,000 - $100,800)/$9)

(l)4,800

Contribution margin per unit

$9

Contribution margin ratio ($144,000-$100,800)/$144,000)

30%

Step 4: Calculation of breakeven sales in dollars

Breakevensales(Beach)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$360,40040%=$901,000

Breakevensales(Lake)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$232,00080%=$290,000

Breakevensales(Mountain)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$260,00050%=$520,000

Breakevensales(Valley)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$11,70030%=$39,000

Valley has the lowest breakeven point that is $39,000.

Step 4: Reason for low breakeven point

Low contribution margin causes the low breakeven point. Valley has the lowest contribution margin ratio that is why it has the lowest breakeven point.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Following is the income statement for Marrow Mufflers for the month of June 2018:

MARROW MUFFLERS

Contribution Margin Income Statement

Month Ended June 30, 2018

Net Sales Revenue (140 units _ \(250) \) 35,000

Variable Costs (140 units _ \(50) 7,000

Contribution Margin 28,000

Fixed Costs 11,500

Operating Income \) 16,500

Requirements

1. Calculate the degree of operating leverage. (Round to four decimal places.)

2. Use the degree of operating leverage calculated in Requirement 1 to estimate the change in operating income if total sales increase by 40% (assuming no change in sales price per unit). (Round interim calculations to four decimal places and final answer to the nearest dollar.)

3. Verify your answer in Requirement 2 by preparing a contribution margin income statement with the total sales increase of 40%.

Diversified Investor Group is opening an office in Boise, Idaho. Fixed monthly costs are office rent (\(8,000), depreciation on office furniture (\)1,700), utilities (\(2,400), special telephone lines (\)1,500), a connection with an online brokerage service (\(2,500), and the salary of a financial planner (\)11,900). Variable costs include payments to the financial planner (9% of revenue), advertising (11% of revenue), supplies and postage (4% of revenue), and usage fees for the telephone lines and computerized brokerage service (6% of revenue).

Requirements

  1. Use the contribution margin ratio approach to compute Diversified’s breakeven revenue in dollars. If the average trade leads to \(800 in revenue for Diversified, how many trades must be made to break even?
  2. Use the equation approach to compute the dollar revenues needed to earn a monthly target profit of \)11,200.
  3. Graph Diversified’s CVP relationships. Assume that an average trade leads to \(800 in revenue for Diversified. Show the breakeven point, the sales revenue line, the fixed cost line, the total cost line, the operating loss area, the operating income area, and the sales in units (trades) and dollars when monthly operating income of \)11,200 is earned.
  4. Suppose that the average revenue Diversified earns increases to $2,000 per trade. Compute the new breakeven point in trades. How does this affect the breakeven point?

Calculating breakeven sales and sales to earn a target profit;preparing a contribution margin income statement

Famous Productions performs London shows. The average show sells 1,000 ticketsat \(60 per ticket. There are 175 shows a year. No additional shows can be held as thetheater is also used by other production companies. The average show has a cast of60, each earning a net average of \)320 per show. The cast is paid after each show. Theother variable cost is a program-printing cost of \(8 per guest. Annual fixed costs total\)459,200.

Requirements

1. Compute revenue and variable costs for each show.

2. Use the equation approach to compute the number of shows Famous Productionsmust perform each year to break even.

3. Use the contribution margin ratio approach to compute the number of showsneeded each year to earn a profit of $4,264,000. Is this profit goal realistic? Giveyour reasoning.

4. Prepare Famous Productions’s contribution margin income statement for 175shows performed in 2018. Report only two categories of costs: variable andfixed.

What are the three approaches to calculating the sales required to achieve the breakeven point? Give the formula for each one.

How can CVP analysis be used by companies with multiple products?

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