The budgets of four companies yield the following information:

Company

Beach Lake Mountain Valley

Net Sales Revenue \( 1,615,000 \)(d) \( 1,050,000 \)(j)

Variable Costs (a) 60,000 525,000 100,800

Fixed Costs (b) 232,000 260,000 (k)

Operating Income (Loss) 285,600 (e) (g) 31,500

Units Sold 170,000 10,000 (h) (l)

Contribution Margin per Unit \( 3.80 \) (f) \( 75.00 \) 9.00

Contribution Margin Ratio (c) 80% (i) 30%

Requirements

1. Fill in the blanks for each missing value. (Round the contribution margin per unit to the nearest cent.)

2. Which company has the lowest breakeven point in sales dollars?

3. What causes the low breakeven point?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(1)(a) $969,000

(b) 360,000

(c) 40%

(d) $300,000

(e) $8,000

(f) $24

(g) $265,000

(h) 7,000

(i) 50%

(j) $144,000

(k) $11,700

(l) 4,800

(2) The lowest breakeven point in sales dollars equals $39,000.

(3) Lower contribution margin ratio and lower fixed costs

Step by step solution

01

Calculation of (a), (b), (c)

Net sales revenue

$1,615,000

Variable costs ($1,615,000 / 170,000)-$3.80 ) x 170,000

(a)$969,000

Fixed costs ($1,615,000-$969,000 -$285,600)

(b)$360,400

Operating income (Loss)

$285,600

Units sold

170,000

Contribution margin per unit

$3.80

Contribution margin ratio (($3.80 x 170,000) / $1,615,000)

(c)40%

02

Calculation of (d), (e), (f)

Net sales revenue ($60,000 / (1-80%)

(d) $300,000

Variable costs

$60,000

Fixed costs

$232,000

Operating income (Loss) ($300,000-$60,000-$232,000)

(e) $8,000

Units sold

10,000

Contribution margin per unit ($300,000-$60,000)/10,000

(f)$24

Contribution margin ratio

80%

03

Calculation of (g), (h), (i)

Net sales revenue

$1,050,000

Variable costs

$525,000

Fixed costs

$260,000

Operating income (Loss) ($1,050,000-$525,000-$260,000)

(g) $265,000

Units sold ($1,050,000-$525,000) / $75

(h) 7,000

Contribution margin per unit

$75

Contribution margin ratio ($1,050,000-$525,000)/$1,050,000)

(i)50%

04

Calculation of (j), (k), (l) 

Net sales revenue ($100,800 / (1-30%))

(j)$144,000

Variable costs

$100,800

Fixed costs ($144,000-$100,800-$31,500)

(k)$11,700

Operating income (Loss)

$31,500

Units sold ($144,000 - $100,800)/$9)

(l)4,800

Contribution margin per unit

$9

Contribution margin ratio ($144,000-$100,800)/$144,000)

30%

Step 4: Calculation of breakeven sales in dollars

Breakevensales(Beach)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$360,40040%=$901,000

Breakevensales(Lake)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$232,00080%=$290,000

Breakevensales(Mountain)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$260,00050%=$520,000

Breakevensales(Valley)=FixedcostsContributionmarginratio=$11,70030%=$39,000

Valley has the lowest breakeven point that is $39,000.

Step 4: Reason for low breakeven point

Low contribution margin causes the low breakeven point. Valley has the lowest contribution margin ratio that is why it has the lowest breakeven point.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the purpose of using the high-low method?

Use the following information to complete Short Exercises S20-10 through S20-15.

Funday Park competes with Cool World by providing a variety of rides. Funday Park sells tickets at \(70 per person as a one-day entrance fee. Variable costs are \)42 per person, and fixed costs are $170,800 per month.

S20-14 Computing margin of safety

Refer to the original information (ignoring the changes considered in Short Exercises S20-12 and S20-13). If Funday Park expects to sell 8,100 tickets, compute the margin of safety in tickets and in sales dollars.

Use the following information to complete Short Exercises S20-16 and S20-17.

Wild Waters Swim Park sells individual and family tickets. With a ticket, each person receives a meal, three beverages, and unlimited use of the swimming pools. Wild Waters has the following ticket prices and variable costs for 2018:

Individual Family Sales price per ticket \( 50 \) 150 Variable cost per ticket 35 140

Wild Waters expects to sell one individual ticket for every four family tickets. Wild Waters’s total fixed costs are $27,500.

S20-16 Calculating breakeven point for two products

Using the Wild Waters Swim Park information presented, do the following tasks.

Requirements

1. Compute the weighted-average contribution margin per ticket.

2. Calculate the total number of tickets Wild Waters must sell to break even.

3. Calculate the number of individual tickets and the number of family tickets the company must sell to break even.

White Company sells flags with team logos. White has fixed costs of \(639,600 per year plus variable costs of \)4.20 per flag. Each flag sells for \(12.00.

Requirements

1. Use the equation approach to compute the number of flags White must sell each year to break even.

2. Use the contribution margin ratio approach to compute the dollar sales White needs to earn \)32,500 in operating income for 2018. (Round the contribution margin to two decimal places.)

3. Prepare White’s contribution margin income statement for the year ended December 31, 2018, for sales of 73,000 flags. (Round your final answers up to the next whole number.)

4. The company is considering an expansion that will increase fixed costs by 23% and variable costs by $0.60 per flag. Compute the new breakeven point in units and in dollars. Should White undertake the expansion? Give your reasoning. (Round your final answers up to the next whole number.)

You have just begun your summer internship at Omni Instruments. The company supplies sterilized surgical instruments for physicians. To expand sales, Omni is considering paying a commission to its sales force. The controller, Matthew Barnhill, asks you to compute: (1) the new breakeven sales figure, and (2) the operating profit if sales increase 15% under the new sales commission plan. He thinks you can handle this task because you learned CVP analysis in your accounting class.

You spend the next day collecting information from the accounting records, performing the analysis, and writing a memo to explain the results. The company president is pleased with your memo. You report that the new sales commission plan will lead to a significant increase in operating income and only a small increase in breakeven sales.

The following week, you realize that you made an error in the CVP analysis. You overlooked the sales personnel’s $2,800 monthly salaries, and you did not include this fixed selling cost in your computations. You are not sure what to do. If you tell Matthew Barnhill of your mistake, he will have to tell the president. In this case, you are afraid Omni might not offer you permanent employment after your internship.

Requirements

1. How would your error affect breakeven sales and operating income under the proposed sales commission plan? Could this cause the president to reject the sales commission proposal?

2. Consider your ethical responsibilities. Is there a difference between (a) initially making an error and (b) subsequently failing to inform the controller?

3. Suppose you tell Matthew Barnhill of the error in your analysis. Why might the consequences not be as bad as you fear? Should Barnhill take any responsibility for your error? What could Barnhill have done differently?

4. After considering all the factors, should you inform Barnhill or simply keep quiet?

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