Question: What are the three main ways to analyze financial statements?

Short Answer

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Answer

1. Horizontal analysis, 2. Vertical analysis, 3. Ratio analysis

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Financial Analysis

The valuation made on the basis of analyzing the financial transactions of business operations is known as financial analysis. This is generally done to analyze the performance and sustainability of the project and the business.

02

The three main ways of analyzing financial statements are 

  1. Horizontal analysis: Under horizontal analysis, the analyst takes out financial statements ofdifferent periods and thencompares each line item reported in the financial statements of different periods.
  1. Vertical analysis: Under vertical analysis, the analystcompares the items within thesame financial statement. It is done by presenting each line item in terms of percentage. The percentage value is calculated using a base item for all line items.
  1. Ratio analysis: The analysis that compares the various line items is known as ratio analysis. It depicts profitability, solvency, and liquidity.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question:Theater by Design and Show Cinemas are asking you to recommend their stock to your clients. Because Theater by Design and Show Cinemas earn about the same net income and have similar financial positions, your decision depends on their statement of cash flows, summarized as follows:

Theater by Design Show Cinemas

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities \( 30,000 \) 70,000

Cash Provided by (Used for) Investing Activities:

Purchase of Plant Assets \( (20,000) \) (100,000)

Sale of Plant Assets 40,000 20,000 10,000 (90,000)

Cash Provided by (Used for) Financing Activities:

Issuance of Common Stock 0 30,000

Payment of Long-term Debt (40,000) 0

Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash \( 10,000 \) 10,000

Based on their cash flows, which company looks better? Give your reasons.

Muscateer Corp. reported the following revenues and net income amounts:

(In millions)2019 2018 2017 2016

Revenue \( 9,610 \) 9,355 \( 9,050 \) 8,950

Net Income 7,290 6,790 5,020 4,300

Requirements

1. Calculate Muscateer’s trend analysis for revenues and net income. Use 2016 as the

base year, and round to the nearest percent.

2. Which measure increased at a higher rate during 2017–2019?

The following data are adapted from the financial statements of Bridget’s Shops, Inc.:

Total Current Assets $ 1,216,000

Accumulated Depreciation 2,000,000

Total Liabilities 1,540,000

Preferred Stock 0

Debt Ratio 55%

Current Ratio 1.60

Prepare Bridget’s condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2018.

Explaining financial statements

Caleb King is interested in investing in Orange Corporation. What types of tools should Caleb use to evaluate the company?

Determining the effects of business transactions on selected ratios Financial statement data of Style Traveler Magazine include the following items:

Cash

\( 23,000

Accounts Receivable, Net

81,000

Merchandise Inventory

185,000

Total Assets

635,000

Accounts Payable

99,000

Accrued Liabilities

37,000

Short-term Notes Payable

51,000

Long-term Liabilities

224,000

Net Income

68,000

Common Shares Outstanding

20,000 shares

Requirements

  1. Compute Style Traveler’s current ratio, debt ratio, and earnings per share. Round all ratios to two decimal places, and use the following format for your answer:

Current Ratio Debt Ratio Earnings per Share

2.Compute the three ratios after evaluating the effect of each transaction that follows. Consider each transaction separately

  1. Purchased merchandise inventory of \)49,000 on the account.
  2. Borrowed \(127,000 on a long-term note payable.
  3. Issued 2,000 shares of common stock, receiving cash of \)107,000.
  4. Received cash on account, $5,000.
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