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Chapter 23: Q4RQ (page 1305)
Question: How do flexible budgets differ from static budgets?
Answer
The primary difference between a flexible and static budget is that aflexible budget will change as per the activity level, but a static budget will remain the same.
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Understanding variance relationships
Complete the table below for the missing variances.
Total Flexible Budget Product Cost Variance (a) |
Total direct material variance (b) | Total direct labor variance (c) | Total Manufacturing Overhead Variance (d) |
Direct material cost variance | Direct material efficiency variance | Direct Labor Cost Variance | Direct Labor Efficiency Variance | Total Variable Overhead Variance | Total fixed overhead variance |
\(310F | \)165U | \(160U | \)415F | (e) | (f) |
Variable Overhead Cost Variance | Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance | Fixed Overhead Cost Variance | ||||
\(525U | \)575F | $50F |
Question:Top managers of Marshall Industries predicted 2018 sales of 14,800 units of its product at a unit price of \(9.50. Actual sales for the year were 14,600 units at \)12.00 each. Variable costs were budgeted at \(2.00 per unit, and actual variable costs were \)2.10 per unit. Actual fixed costs of \(48,000 exceeded budgeted fixed costs by \)4,000.
Prepare Marshall’s flexible budget performance report. What variance contributed most to the year’s favorable results? What caused this variance?
Matching terms
Match each term to the correct definition.
Terms Definitions
a. Flexible budget
b. Flexible budget variance
c. Sales volume variance
d. Static budget
e. Variance
1. A summarized budget for several levels of volume thatseparates variable costs from fixed costs.
2. A budget prepared for only one level of sales.
3. The difference between an actual amount and thebudgeted amount.
4. The difference arising because the company actuallyearned more or less revenue, or incurred more or lesscost, than expected for the actual level of output.
5. The difference arising only because the number ofunits actually sold differs from the static budget units.
Question:Match the product cost variance with the manager most probably responsible. Some answers may be used more than once. Some answers may not be used.
Variance Manager
19. Variable overhead cost variance
20. Direct materials efficiency variance
21. Direct labor cost variance
22. Fixed overhead cost variance
23. Direct materials cost variance
a. Human resources
b. Purchasing
c. Production
List the eight product variances and the manager most likely responsible for each.
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