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Chapter 16: 14RQ (page 884)
What are product costs?
The product cost is the cost of purchasing or producing goods.
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How does a service company calculate unit cost per service?
Question:Applying ethical standards
Natalia Wallace is the new controller for Smart Software, Inc. which develops and sells education software. Shortly before the December 31 fiscal year-end, James Cauvet, the company president, asks Wallace how things look for the year-end numbers. He is not happy to learn that earnings growth may be below 13% for the first time in the company’s five-year history. Cauvet explains that financial analysts have again predicted a 13% earnings growth for the company and that he does not intend to disappoint them. He suggests that Wallace talk to the assistant controller, who can explain how the previous controller dealt with such situations. The assistant controller suggests the following strategies:
a. Persuade suppliers to postpone billing \(13,000 in invoices until January 1.
b. Record as sales \)115,000 in certain software awaiting sale that is held in a public warehouse.
c. Delay the year-end closing a few days into January of the next year so that some of the next year’s sales are included in this year’s sales.
d. Reduce the estimated Bad Debts Expense from 5% of Sales Revenue to 3%, given the company’s continued strong performance.
e. Postpone routine monthly maintenance expenditures from December to January.
Requirements
1. Which of these suggested strategies are inconsistent with IMA standards?
2. How might these inconsistencies affect the company’s creditors and stockholders?
3. What should Wallace do if Cauvet insists that she follow all of these suggestions?
List the four IMA standards of ethical practice, and briefly describe each.
Calculating cost of goods sold for merchandising and manufacturing companies
Below are data for two companies:
Company 1 Company 2
Beginning balances:
Merchandise Inventory \( 11,600
Finished Goods Inventory \) 15,400
Ending balances:
Merchandise Inventory 12,400
Finished Goods Inventory 11,300
Net Purchases 152,500
Cost of Goods Manufactured 214,500
Requirements
1. Define the three business types: service, merchandising, and manufacturing.
2. Based on the data given for the two companies, determine the business type of each one.
3. Calculate the cost of goods sold for each company
Computing direct materials used
Tuscany, Inc. has compiled the following data:
Purchases of Direct Materials $ 6,300
Freight In 400
Property Taxes 800
Ending Direct Materials 1,300
Beginning Direct Materials 4,100
Compute the amount of direct materials used.
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