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Chapter 21: Q-21-3RQ (page 1166)
How are absorption costing and variable costing the same? How are they different?
Answer
Both methods consider variable cost as product cost.
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: Before you begin this assignment, review the Tying It All Together feature in the chapter. CF Industries Holdings, Inc. is one of the largest manufacturers and distributors of nitrogen fertilizer and other nitrogen products in the world. The corporation often produces and stores large amounts of inventory during periods of low demand to ensure that there is enough product to meet the demand of peak seasons. Assume that one line of fertilizer (with no beginning Finished Goods Inventory) had the following data during a time period of low demand:
Sales price $ 20.00 per case Variable manufacturing costs 4.00 per case Fixed manufacturing costs 100,000 per quarter Variable selling and administrative costs 2.00 per case Fixed selling and administrative costs 45,000 per quarter Given that the time period has low demand, assume the company produced 1,000,000 cases but only sold 250,000 cases.
Requirement
1. Prepare the income statement for the quarter using variable costing.
2. Prepare the income statement for the quarter using absorption costing.
3. Why, if at all, is there a difference between operating income under the two methods?
The Stark Company manufactures a product that is expected to incur \(20 per unit in variable production costs and sell for \)40 per unit. The sales commission is 10% of the sales price. Due to intense competition, Stark actually sold 200 units for \(38 per unit. The actual variable production costs incurred were \)23.75 per unit. Calculate the total contribution margin and contribution margin ratio at the expected price/costs and the actual price/costs. How might management use this information?
How can variable costing be used in service companies?
Analyzing profitability
Camden Company has divided its business into segments based on sales territories: East Coast, Midland, and West Coast. Following are financial data for 2018:
East Coast | Midland | West Coast | |
Units sold | 71 | 69 | 53 |
Sales price per unit | \(10,300 | \)13,600 | \(12,000 |
Variable cost per unit | 6,283 | 7,072 | 7,080 |
Prepare an income statement for Camden Company for 2018 using the contribution margin format assuming total fixed costs for the company were \)435,000. Include columns for each business segment and a column for the total company.
Question: Computing variable costing operating income Refer to the information for Concord, Inc.
Requirements:
Use the following information for Exercises E21-14 and E21-15.
Concord, Inc. has collected the following data for November (there are no beginning inventories):
Units produced and sold 500 units Sales price $ 450 per unit Direct materials 64 per unit Direct labor 68 per unit Variable manufacturing overhead 26 per unit Fixed manufacturing overhead 7,500 per month Variable selling and administrative costs 15 per unit Fixed selling and administrative costs 4,400 per month
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