What are the major factors considered in determining what depreciation method to use?

Short Answer

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Answer

From a conceptual point of view, the method that best matches revenue and expenses should be used.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Depreciation

Depreciation is an accounting procedure that is used to know the exact value of the asset as time passes and the asset becomes absolute. A company has different options for analyzing depreciation, with straight-line method being the most common one.

02

Explaining the major factors considered in determining what depreciation method to use

From a theoretical standpoint, the technique that best fits income and costs should be utilized; in other words, the solution is determined by the asset's reduction in a service capacity. An expedited procedure will appear to be more desirable if the service potential loss is faster in the early years. If, on the other hand, the fall is more uniform, a straight-line method could be preferable.

For practical reasons, many businesses use depreciation strategies. Since a bigger net income number is displayed on the books in the early years, yet smaller tax is paid to the government, some corporations utilize accelerated techniques for tax reasons, but straight-line for book purposes. Others try to employ the same procedure for tax and accounting purposes since it saves time and money. In some cases, tax policy is also a factor.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Depreciation—Strike, Units-of-Production, Obsolescence) The following are three different and unrelated situations involving depreciation accounting. Answer the question(s) at the end of each situation.

Situation I: Recently, Broderick Company experienced a strike that affected a number of its operating plants. The controller of this company indicated that it was not appropriate to report depreciation expense during this period because the equipment did not depreciate and an improper matching of costs and revenues would result. She based her position on the following points.

1. It is inappropriate to charge the period with costs for which there are no related revenues arising from production.

2. The basic factor of depreciation in this instance is wear and tear. Because equipment was idle, no wear and tear occurred.

Instructions

Comment on the appropriateness of the controller’s comments.

Situation II: Etheridge Company manufactures electrical appliances, most of which are used in homes. Company engineers have designed a new type of blender which, through the use of a few attachments, will perform more functions than any blender currently on the market. Demand for the new blender can be projected with reasonable probability. In order to make the blenders, Etheridge needs a specialized machine that is not available from outside sources. It has been decided to make such a machine in Etheridge’s own plant.

Instructions

  1. Discuss the effect of projected demand in units for the new blenders (which may be steady, decreasing, or increasing) on the determination of a depreciation method for the machine.
  2. What other matters should be considered in determining the depreciation method? (Ignore income tax considerations.)

Situation III: Haley Paper Company operates a 300-ton-per-day kraft pulp mill and four sawmills in Wisconsin. The company is in the process of expanding its pulp mill facilities to a capacity of 1,000 tons per day and plans to replace three of its older, less efficient sawmills with an expanded facility. One of the mills to be replaced did not operate for most of 2017 (current year), and there are no plans to reopen it before the new sawmill facility becomes operational.

In reviewing the depreciation rates and discussing the salvage values of the sawmills that were to be replaced, it was noted that if present depreciation rates were not adjusted, substantial amounts of plant costs on these three mills would not be depreciated by the time the new mill came on stream.

Instructions

What is the proper accounting for the four sawmills at the end of 2017?

Question: Hayes Company sold 10,000 shares of Kenyon Co. commonstock for \(27.50 per share, incurring \)1,770 in brokeragecommissions. These securities originally cost $260,000.Prepare the entry to record the sale of these securities.

(Depreciation—Replacement, Change in Estimate) Greg Maddox Company constructed a building at a cost of \(2,200,000 and occupied it beginning in January 1998. It was estimated at that time that its life would be 40 years, with no salvage value.

In January 2018, a new roof was installed at a cost of \)300,000, and it was estimated then that the building would have a useful life of 25 years from that date. The cost of the old roof was $160,000.

Instructions

  1. What amount of depreciation should have been charged annually from the years 1998 to 2017? (Assume straight-line depreciation.)
  2. What entry should be made in 2018 to record the replacement of the roof?
  3. Prepare the entry in January 2018 to record the revision in the estimated life of the building if necessary.
  4. What amount of depreciation should be charged for the year 2018?

(Unit, Group, and Composite Depreciation) The certified public accountant is frequently called upon by management for advice regarding methods of computing depreciation. Of comparable importance, although it arises less frequently, is the question of whether the depreciation method should be based on consideration of the assets as units, as a group, or as having a composite life.

Instructions

  1. Briefly describe the depreciation methods based on treating assets as

(1) units and

(2) a group or as having a composite life.

  1. Present the arguments for and against the use of each of the two methods.
  2. Describe how retirements are recorded under each of the two methods.

Lockard Company purchased machinery on January 1, 2017, for \(80,000. The machinery is estimated to have a salvage value of \)8,000 after a useful life of 8 years. (a) Compute 2017 depreciation expense using the straight-line method. (b) Compute 2017 depreciation expense using the straight-line method assuming the machinery was purchased on September 1, 2017.

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