Neither depreciation on replacement cost nor depreciation adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar has been recognized as generally accepted accounting principles for inclusion in the primary financial statements. Briefly present the accounting treatment that might be used to assist in the maintenance of the ability of a company to replace its productive capacity.

Short Answer

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Answer

Management might elect to make annual appropriations of retained earnings in contemplation of replacing certain facilities at higher price levels.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Accounting Principles 

The concepts, ideas, principles, guidelines, and rulesthat accountants use to compile financial statements are known as accounting principles. In addition to defining accounting standards and frameworks, they are also used by standard-setting organizations.

02

Explaining the accounting treatment that might be used to assist in the maintenance of the ability of a company to replace its productive capacity. 

Instead of recording depreciation on replacement costs, management may choose to make yearly disbursements of retained earnings in the event that particular facilities need to be replaced at higher prices. Such allocations might serve to clear up any ambiguities about the amount of money available for dividends, raises in pay, bonuses, or decreased sales prices.

The necessity for these appropriations is addressed in the financial statements' supplemental financial schedules, explanations, and footnotes.(However, depreciation charges and retained profits appropriations do not result in the building of cash for asset replacement.) Profitable activities and proper money management result in the buildup of funds.)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Depletion, Timber, and Unusual Loss) Conan O’Brien Logging and Lumber Company owns 3,000 acres of timberland on the north side of Mount Leno, which was purchased in 2005 at a cost of \(550 per acre. In 2017, O’Brien began selectively logging this timber tract. In May 2017, Mount Leno erupted, burying the timberland of O’Brien under a foot of ash. All of the timber on the O’Brien tract was downed. In addition, the logging roads, built at a cost of \)150,000, were destroyed, as well as the logging equipment, with a net book value of \(300,000.

At the time of the eruption, O’Brien had logged 20% of the estimated 500,000 board feet of timber. Prior to the eruption, O’Brien estimated the land to have a value of \)200 per acre after the timber was harvested. O’Brien includes the logging roads in the depletion base.

O’Brien estimates it will take 3 years to salvage the downed timber at a cost of \(700,000. The timber can be sold for pulp wood at an estimated price of \)3 per board foot. The value of the land is unknown, but must be considered nominal due to future uncertainties.

Instructions

  1. Determine the depletion cost per board foot for the timber harvested prior to the eruption of Mount Leno.
  2. Prepare the journal entry to record the depletion prior to the eruption.
  3. If this tract represents approximately half of the timber holdings of O’Brien, determine the amount of the unusual loss due to the eruption of Mount Leno for the year ended December 31, 2017.

In what way may the use of percentage depletion violate sound accounting theory?

(Depreciation for Partial Periods—SL, Act., SYD, and Declining-Balance) The cost of equipment purchased by Charleston, Inc., on June 1, 2017, is \(89,000. It is estimated that the machine will have a \)5,000 salvage value at the end of its service life. Its service life is estimated at 7 years, its total working hours are estimated at 42,000, and its total production is estimated at 525,000 units. During 2017, the machine was operated 6,000 hours and produced 55,000 units. During 2018, the machine was operated 5,500 hours and produced 48,000 units.

Instructions Compute depreciation expense on the machine for the year ending December 31, 2017, and the year ending December 31, 2018, using the following methods.

  1. Straight-line.
  2. Units-of-output.
  3. Working hours.
  4. Sum-of-the-years’-digits.
  5. Declining-balance (twice the straight-line rate).

(Depletion Computations—Timber) Forda Lumber Company owns a 7,000-acre tract of timber purchased in 2003 at a cost of \(1,300 per acre. At the time of purchase, the land was estimated to have a value of \)300 per acre without the timber. Forda Lumber Company has not logged this tract since it was purchased. In 2017, Forda had the timber cruised. The cruise (appraiser) estimated that each acre contained 8,000 board feet of timber. In 2017, Forda built 10 miles of roads at a cost of \(7,840 per mile. After the roads were completed, Forda logged and sold 3,500 trees containing 850,000 board feet.

Instructions

  1. Determine the cost of timber sold related to depletion for 2017.
  2. If Forda depreciates the logging roads on the basis of timber cut, determine the depreciation expense for 2017.
  3. If Forda plants five seedlings at a cost of \)4 per seedling for each tree cut, how should Forda treat the reforestation?

Ortiz purchased a piece of equipment that cost \(202,000 on January 1, 2017. The equipment has the following components.

Component

Cost

Residual Value

Estimated Useful Life

A

\)70,000

$7,000

10 years

B

50,000

5,000

5 years

C

82,000

4,000

12 years

Compute the depreciation expense for this equipment at December 31, 2017.

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