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Chapter 24: 20Q (page 1446)
What is the difference between a CPA’s unqualified opinion or “clean” opinion and a qualified one?
A qualified opinion may be a reflection of the auditor's failure, while an unqualified one is considered free of material misstatement.
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Olga Conrad, a financial writer, noted recently, “There are substantial arguments for including earnings projections in annual reports and the like. The most compelling is that it would give anyone interested something now available to only a relatively select few—like large stockholders, creditors, and attentive bartenders.” Identify some arguments against providing earnings projections.
(Ratio Computations and Additional Analysis) Bradburn Corporation was formed 5 years ago through a public subscription of common stock. Daniel Brown, who owns 15% of the common stock, was one of the organizers of Bradburn and is its current president. The company has been successful, but it currently is experiencing a shortage of funds. On June 10, 2018, Daniel Brown approached the Topeka National Bank, asking for a 24-month extension on two \(35,000 notes, which are due on June 30, 2018, and September 30, 2018. Another note of \)6,000 is due on March 31, 2019, but he expects no difficulty in paying this note on its due date. Brown explained that Bradburn’s cash flow problems are due primarily to the company’s desire to finance a \(300,000 plant expansion over the next 2 fiscal years through internally generated funds. The commercial loan officer of Topeka National Bank requested the following financial reports for the last 2 fiscal years
BRADBURN CORPORATION BALANCE SHEET MARCH 31 | ||
Assets | 2018 | 2017 |
Cash | \) 18,200 | \( 12,500 |
Notes receivable | 148,000 | 132,000 |
Accounts receivable (net) | 131,800 | 125,500 |
Inventories (at cost) | 105,000 | 50,000 |
Plant & Equipment (net of depreciation) | 1,449,000 | 1,420,500 |
Total assets | \)1,852,000 | \(1,740,500 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||
Accounts payable | \) 79,000 | \( 91,000 |
Notes payable | 76,000 | 61,500 |
Accrued liabilities | 9,000 | 6,000 |
Common stock (130,000 shares, \)10 par) | 1,300,000 | 1,300,000 |
Retained earnings* | 388,000 | 282,000 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | \(1,852,000 | \)1,740,500 |
*Cash dividends were paid at the rate of \(1 per share in the fiscal year 2017 and \)2 per share in the fiscal year 2018.
BRADBURN CORPORATION INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED MARCH 31 | ||
2018 | 2017 | |
Sales revenue | \(3,000,000 | \)2,700,000 |
Cost of goods sold* | 1,530,000 | 1,425,000 |
Gross margin | 1,470,000 | 1,275,000 |
Operating expenses | 860,000 | 780,000 |
Income before income taxes | 610,000 | 495,000 |
Income taxes (40%) | 244,000 | 198,000 |
Net income | \( 366,000 | \) 297,000 |
Depreciation charges on the plant and equipment of \(100,000 and \)102,500 for fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, and 2018, respectively, are included in the cost of goods sold.
Instructions
(a). Compute the following items for Bradburn Corporation.
What type of disclosure or accounting do you believe is necessary for the following items?
a) Because of a general increase in the number of labor disputes and strikes, both within and outside the industry, there is an increased likelihood that a company will suffer a costly strike in the near future.
b) A company reports a material unusual and infrequent loss on the income statement. No other mention is made of this item in the annual report.
c) A company expects to recover a substantial amount in connection with a pending refund claim for a prior year’s taxes. Although the claim is being contested, counsel for the company has confirmed the client’s expectation of recovery.
(Effect of Transactions on Financial Statements and Ratios) The transactions listed below relate to Wainwright Inc. You are to assume that on the date on which each of the transactions occurred, the corporation’s accounts showed only common stock (\(100 par) outstanding, a current ratio of 2.7:1, and a substantial net income for the year to date (before giving effect to the transaction concerned). On that date, the book value per share of stock was \)151.53.
Each numbered transaction on the next page is to be considered completely independent of the others, and its related answer should be based on the effect(s) of that transaction alone. Assume that all numbered transactions occurred during 2018 and that the amount involved in each case is sufficiently material to distort reported net income if improperly included in the determination of net income. Assume further that each transaction was recorded in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, where applicable, in conformity with the all-inclusive concept of the income statement.
For each of the numbered transactions you are to decide whether it:
Instructions
List the numbers 1 through 9. Select as many letters as you deem appropriate to reflect the effect(s) of each transaction as of the date of the transaction by printing beside the transaction number the letter(s) that identifies that transaction’s effect(s).
Transactions
What approaches have been suggested to overcome the seasonality problem related to interim reporting?
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