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Chapter 12: 12-13BE (page 638)

Question: Indicate whether the following items are capitalized or expensed in the current year. (a) Purchase cost of a patent from a competitor. (c) Organizational costs. (b) Research and development costs. (d) Costs incurred internally to create goodwill.

Short Answer

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Answer

Particulars

Capitalized/Expensed

Purchase cost of a patent from a competitor

Capitalize

Research and development costs

Expense

Organizational costs

Expense

Costs incurred internally to create goodwill

Expense

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Capitalization

The practice of depreciating the expenses of acquiring an asset throughout the asset's life, rather than the time the expense was incurred, is known as capitalization.

02

Meaning of Expensed Items

The cost of operations that a firm incursto earn revenue is an expense. "It costs money to make money," as the adage goes. Payments to suppliers, staff wages, factory leases, and equipment depreciation are common costs.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: On September 1, 2017, Winans Corporation acquired Aumont Enterprises for a cash payment of \(700,000. At the time of purchase, Aumont’s balance sheet showed assets of \)620,000, liabilities of \(200,000, and owners’ equity of \)420,000. The fair value of Aumont’s assets is estimated to be $800,000. Compute the amount of goodwill acquired by Winans.

Zoop Corporation purchased for \(300,000 a 30% interest in Murphy, Inc. This investment enables Zoop to exert significant influence over Murphy. During the year, Murphy earned net income of \)180,000 and paid dividends of $60,000. Prepare Zoop’s journal entries related to this investment.

Question: Kenoly Corporation owns a patent that has a carrying amount of \(300,000. Kenoly expects future net cash flows from this patent to total \)210,000 over its remaining life of 10 years. The recoverable amount of the patent is $110,000. Prepare Kenoly’s journal entry, if necessary, to record the loss on impairment.

(Investment Classifications)For the following investments, identify whether they are:

1. Trading debt securities.

2. Available-for-sale debt securities.

3. Held-to-maturity debt securities.

4. None of the above.

Each case is independent of the other.

(a) A bond that will mature in 4 years was bought 1 month ago when the price dropped. As soon as the value increases,

which is expected next month, it will be sold.

(b) 10% of the outstanding stock of Farm-Co was purchased. The company is planning on eventually getting a total of 30%

of its outstanding stock.

(c) Bonds were purchased in December of this year. The bonds are expected to be sold in January of next year.

(d) Bonds that will mature in 5 years are purchased. The company would like to hold them until they mature, but money

has been tight recently and they may need to be sold.

(e) Preferred stock was purchased for its constant dividend. The company is planning to hold the preferred stock for a long time.

(f) A bond that matures in 10 years was purchased. The company is investing money set aside for an expansion project

planned 10 years from now.

Question: (Accounting for Research and Development Costs) Cuevas Co. is in the process of developing a revolutionary new product. A new division of the company was formed to develop, manufacture, and market this new product. As of year-end (December 31, 2017), the new product has not been manufactured for resale. However, a prototype unit was built and is in operation.

Throughout 2017, the new division incurred certain costs. These costs include design and engineering studies, prototype manufacturing costs, administrative expenses (including salaries of administrative personnel), and market research costs. In addition, approximately \(900,000 in equipment (with an estimated useful life of 10 years) was purchased for use in developing and manufacturing the new product. Approximately \)315,000 of this equipment was built specifically for the design development of the new product. The remaining $585,000 of equipment was used to manufacture the pre-production prototype and will be used to manufacture the new product once it is in commercial production.

Instructions

  1. How are “research” and “development” defined in the authoritative literature (GAAP)?
  2. Briefly indicate the practical and conceptual reasons for the conclusion reached by the Financial Accounting Standards Board on accounting and reporting practices for research and development costs.
  3. In accordance with GAAP, how should the various costs of Cuevas described above be recorded on the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017?
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