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Chapter 14: 29Q (page 753)

What is meant by “accounting symmetry” between the entries recorded by the debtor and creditor in a troubled-debt restructuring involving a modification of terms? In what ways is the accounting for troubled-debt restructurings non-symmetrical?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Accounting symmetry relatesto arelationship among the entries listed by each participant.

Accounting for troubled-debt restructurings is non-symmetrical because when the creditor records loss, the debtor does not record at all.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of troubled-Debt Restructuring

A troubled-debt restructuring takes place when a borrower permits allowances that it would have generally regarded because of the economic crisis of the debtor.

02

Accounting symmetry

“Accounting symmetry” is a type of agreement among the entries listed by both the debtorandthe creditor in a troubled-debt restructuring. That is, a loss of one party leads to the gain of the other by the same amount.

03

Ways that define that the accounting for troubled-debt restructuring is non-symmetrical

Troubled-debt restructurings are non-symmetrical as creditors estimate their losses with the help of discounted present value of future cash flows, whereas debtors compute their gains with the help of non-discounted cash flows.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: The following information is taken from the 2017 annual report of Bugant, Inc. Bugant’s fiscal year ends December 31 of each year. Bugant’s December 31, 2017, balance sheet is as follows.

Bugant, Inc.

Balance Sheet

December 31, 2017

Assets

Cash \( 450

Inventory 1,800

Total current assets 2,250

Plant and equipment 2,000

Accumulated depreciation (160)

Total assets \)4,090

Liabilities

Bonds payable (net of discount) \(1,426

Stockholders’ equity

Common stock 1,500

Retained earnings 1,164

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity \)4,090

Note X: Long Term Debt:

On January 1, 2016, Bugant issued bonds with face value of \(1,500 and a coupon rate equal to 10%. The bonds were issued to yield 12% and mature on January 1, 2021.

Additional information concerning 2018 is as follows.

  1. Sales were \)3,500, all for cash.
  2. Purchases were \(2,000, all paid in cash.
  3. Salaries were \)700, all paid in cash.
  4. Property, plant, and equipment was originally purchased for \(2,000 and is depreciated straight-line over a 25-year life with no salvage value.
  5. Ending inventory was \)1,900.
  6. Cash dividends of \(100 were declared and paid by Bugant.
  7. Ignore taxes.
  8. The market rate of interest on bonds of similar risk was 12% during all of 2018.
  9. Interest on the bonds is paid semiannually each June 30 and December 31.

Accounting

Prepare a balance sheet for Bugant, Inc. at December 31, 2018, and an income statement for the year ending December 31, 2018. Assume semiannual compounding of the bond interest.

Analysis

Use common ratios for analysis of long-term debt to assess Bugant’s long-run solvency. Has Bugant’s solvency changed much from 2017 to 2018? Bugant’s net income in 2017 was \)550 and interest expense was $169.

Principles

The FASB and the IASB allow companies the option of recognizing in their financial statements the fair values of their long-term debt. That is, companies have the option to change the balance sheet value of their long-term debt to the debt’s fair value and report the change in balance sheet value as a gain or loss in income. In terms of the qualitative characteristics of accounting information (Chapter 2), briefly describe the potential trade-off(s) involved in reporting long-term debt at its fair value.

Teton Corporation issued \(600,000 of 7% bonds on November 1, 2017, for \)644,636. The bonds were dated November 1, 2017, and mature in 10 years, with interest payable each May 1 and November 1. Teton uses the effective-interest method with an effective rate of 6%. Prepare Teton’s December 31, 2017, adjusting entry.

Question: Describe how a company would classify debt that includes covenants. What conditions must exist in order to depart from the normal rule?

Using the same information as in E14-22 and E14-24, answer the following questions related to American Bank (creditor).

Instructions

  1. Compute the loss American Bank will suffer under this new term modification. Prepare the journal entry to record the loss on American’s books.
  2. Prepare the interest receipt schedule for American Bank after the debt restructuring.
  3. Prepare the interest receipt entry for American Bank on December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020.
  4. What entry should American Bank make on January 1, 2021?

(Entries for Zero-Interest-Bearing Note; Payable in Installments) Sabonis Cosmetics Co. purchased machinery on December 31, 2016, paying \(50,000 down and agreeing to pay the balance in four equal installments of \)40,000 payable each December 31. An assumed interest of 8% is implicit in the purchase price.

Instructions Prepare the journal entries that would be recorded for the purchase and for the payments and interest on the following dates.

(Round answers to the nearest cent.)

(a) December 31, 2016. (d) December 31, 2019.

(b) December 31, 2017. (e) December 31, 2020.

(c) December 31, 2018.
See all solutions

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