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Chapter 10: Q. 10.20 (page 337)

When does a reversible reaction reach equilibrium?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Equilibrium is a reaction state in which the concentrations of reactants and products do not change over time.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

Reversible reaction:

A set of forward and backward reactions is known as a reversible reaction. Forward reactions turn reactants into products, whereas backward reactions turn products into reactants.

The following reaction, for example, is an example of reversible reaction:

H2O(l)+CO32-(aq)⇌HCO3-(aq)+OH-(aq)

Acid Base

02

Explanation

Equilibrium is a reaction state in which the concentrations of reactants and products do not change over time, i.e., the concentrations of reactants and products do not change. The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal in an equilibrium state.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In the blood plasma. pH is maintained by the carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer system, (10,8)

a. How is pH maintained when acid is added to the buffer system?

b. How is pH maintained when base is added to the buffer system?

Identify the weaker acid in each of the following pairs:

a. HClor HSO4-

b. HNO2or HF

c. HCO3-or NH4+

Identify the reactant that is a Brønsted-Lowry acid and the reactant that is a Brønsted-Lowry base in each of the following:

a. CO3(2-aq)+H2O(l)⇄HCO3(-aq)+OH-(aq)

b.H2SO4(aq)+H2O(l)⟶HSO4-(aq)+H3O+(aq)

Consider the buffer system of hydrofluoric acid, HF, and its salt, NaF .

HF(aq)+H2O(l)⇄H3O+(aq)+F-(aq)

a. The purpose of this buffer system is to:

1. maintain [HF]

2. maintain F-

3. maintain pH

b. The salt of the weak acid is needed to:

1. provide the conjugate base

2. neutralize added H3O+

3. provide the conjugate acid

c. If OH-is added, it is neutralized by:

1. the salt

2. H2O

3. H3O+

d. WhenH3O+is added, the equilibrium shifts in the direction of the:

1. reactants

2. products

3. does not change

Use Le Châtelier's principle to predict if each of the following changes causes the system to shift in the direction of products or reactants:

H2S(aq)+H2O(l)⇄H3O+(aq)+HS−(aq)

a. adding more H2S(aq)

b. removing some HS−(aq)

c. adding more H3O+(aq)

d. removing someH2S(aq)
See all solutions

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