Classify each of the following statements as an observation or a hypothesis:$\left(1.2\right)$

a. A patient breaks out in hives after receiving penicillin.

b. Dinosaurs became extinct when a large meteorite struck Earth and caused a huge dust cloud that severely decreased the amount of light reaching Earth.

c. The dash was run in $9.8s$.

We need to classify the statement that a patient breaks out in hives after receiving penicillin.

A patient breaking out in hives, as well as it occurred after the patient received penicillin, are two observations that are noted to have occurred.

So, the answer is $\mathit{O}$.

We need to classify the statement that dinosaurs became extinct when a large meteorite struck Earth and caused a huge dust cloud that severely decreased the amount of light reaching Earth.

This statement is a hypothesis because a prediction has been made to what happend in the past that is not necessarily observed to be happening at present.

So, the answer is H.

We need to classify the statement that The dash was run in $9.8s$.

This statement is an observation, as it describes something that has happened with facts that were seen and observed.

Then, the answer is O.