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Chapter 18: Q. 18.50 (page 644)

How is the $H^{+}$ gradient established?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The $H^{+}$ gradient is established by pumping out the hydrogen ions from the matrix

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We need to find the way by which $H^{+}$ gradient is established

02

Explanation

Because these sites operate as hydrogen ion pumps, a hydrogen ion gradient is established at Complexes $I, II, III$ . A hydrogen ion gradient is created when hydrogen ions are pumped out of the matrix and into the intermembrane region.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the role of bile salt in lipid digestion?

Why ATP is considered an energy-rich compound?

What coenzyme picks up hydrogen when a carbon carbon double bond is formed.

When is pyruvate converted to locate in the body?

Arachidic acid is a $C_{20}$ fatty acid found in peanut and fish oils.

a. How many cycles of $β$ oxidation are needed for the complete oxidation of arachidic acid?
b. How many acetyl CoA are produced from the complete oxidation of arachidic acid?
c. Calculate the total ATP yield from the complete $β$ oxidation of arachidic acid by completing the following:

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