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Chapter 32: Problem 1

Compare and contrast the features and physiological advantages of each of the major classes of hormones, including the steroid hormones, polypeptide hormones, and the amino acid-derived hormones.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Steroid hormones, derived from cholesterol, are lipid-soluble and regulate gene expression by interacting with intracellular receptors. Polypeptide hormones, made from amino acid chains, are water-soluble and bind to cell surface receptors to control growth and tissue function. Amino acid-derived hormones, created from tyrosine or tryptophan, have properties that span both steroid and polypeptide hormones and primarily control metabolic processes.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction to Hormones

Begin by briefly introducing the concept of hormones and their significance in human body. Mention the three major classes of hormones- steroid hormones, polypeptide hormones, and amino acid-derived hormones.
02

Steroid Hormones

Elaborate on the steroid hormones. They are lipid-soluble, derived from cholesterol, and can freely pass through the cell membrane to interact with intracellular receptors. Physiological advantages include regulation of gene expression and metabolic processes.
03

Polypeptide Hormones

Discuss the polypeptide hormones. They are water-soluble, composed of amino acid chains, and generally bind to cell surface receptors, initiating a cascade of intracellular events. Physiological advantages include control over growth, metabolism and tissue function.
04

Amino Acid-Derived Hormones

Discuss the amino acid-derived hormones. They are derived from tyrosine or tryptophan and have properties spanning both steroid and polypeptide categories. Physiological benefits often relate to controlling metabolic processes.
05

Comparative Analysis

Provide a comparative analysis of the three classes of hormones. Highlight similarities and differences in their features and physiological advantages, using examples to elucidate points. The analysis should cover aspects such as solubility, origin, receptor interaction, and the physiological functions they perform.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Nitric oxide may be merely the first of a new class of gaseous second messenger/neurotransmitter molecules. Based on your knowledge of the molecular action of nitric oxide, suggest another gaseous molecule that might act as a second messenger and propose a molecular function for it.

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