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Chapter 1: Problem 30

Give four examples illustrating each of the following terms. a. homogeneous mixture b. heterogeneous mixture c. compound d. element e. physical change f. chemical change

Short Answer

Expert verified
Examples: a. Homogeneous Mixture: Saltwater, Air, Black Coffee, Brass b. Heterogeneous Mixture: Oil and water, Salad, Sand and water, Chocolate chip cookie c. Compound: Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Sucrose (C12H22O11) d. Element: Gold (Au), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C) e. Physical Change: Melting of ice, Boiling of water, Crushing a can, Breaking glass f. Chemical Change: Rusting of iron, Burning of wood, Digesting food, Mixing baking soda and vinegar

Step by step solution

01

1. Homogeneous Mixture

Homogeneous mixtures are mixtures that have a uniform composition throughout. The components cannot be visibly distinguished from one another. Example 1: Saltwater Example 2: Air Example 3: Black Coffee Example 4: Brass (alloy of copper and zinc)
02

2. Heterogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous mixtures have a non-uniform composition, and the components can be visibly separated. Example 1: Oil and water Example 2: Salad Example 3: Sand and water mixture Example 4: Chocolate chip cookie
03

3. Compound

A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. Example 1: Water (H2O) Example 2: Carbon dioxide (CO2) Example 3: Sodium chloride (NaCl, table salt) Example 4: Sucrose (C12H22O11, common sugar)
04

4. Element

Elements are pure chemical substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical reactions. Elements consist of a single type of atom. Example 1: Gold (Au) Example 2: Oxygen (O) Example 3: Hydrogen (H) Example 4: Carbon (C)
05

5. Physical Change

A physical change is a change in a substance's form (state, shape, or size) without changing its chemical composition. Example 1: Melting of ice Example 2: Boiling of water Example 3: Crushing a can Example 4: Breaking glass
06

6. Chemical Change

A chemical change involves a change in a substance's chemical composition, resulting in the formation of new products. Example 1: Rusting of iron Example 2: Burning of wood Example 3: Digesting food Example 4: Mixing baking soda and vinegar

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements is(are) true? a. A spoonful of sugar is a mixture. b. Only elements are pure substances. c. Air is a mixture of gases. d. Gasoline is a pure substance. e. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means.

Consider the addition of 15.4 to 28. What would a mathematician say the answer is? What would a scientist say? Justify the scientist’s answer, not merely citing the rule, but explaining it.

At the Amundsen-Scott South Pole base station in Antarctica, when the temperature is \(-100.0^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\) , researchers who live there can join the 4300 \(\mathrm{Club}^{\prime \prime}\) by stepping into a sauna heated to \(200.0^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\) then quickly running outside and around the pole that marks the South Pole. What are these temperatures in $^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\( What are these temperatures in \)\mathrm{K}$ ? If you measured the temperatures only in \(^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{K}\) , can you become a member of the \(" 300 \mathrm{Club}^{\prime \prime}\) (that is, is there a 300 .-degree difference between the temperature extremes when measured in \(^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{K}\) )?

At what temperature is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit equal to twice the temperature in degrees Celsius?

Define the following terms: solid, liquid, gas, pure substance, element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, solution, chemical change, physical change.
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