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Chapter 10: Problem 137

What type of solid (network, metallic, Group 8A, ionic, or molecular) will each of the following substances form? a. \(\mathrm{Kr}\) b. \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) c. \(\mathrm{Ni}\) d. \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) e. \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) f. \(\mathrm{Pt}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Kr forms a Group 8A solid. b. SO2 forms a molecular solid. c. Ni forms a metallic solid. d. SiO2 forms a network solid. e. NH3 forms a molecular solid. f. Pt forms a metallic solid.

Step by step solution

01

a. Classification of Kr

Kr (Krypton) is a noble gas, which belongs to Group 8A in the periodic table. As a result, it will form a Group 8A solid.
02

b. Classification of SO2

SO2 (Sulfur dioxide) is a molecular compound formed between sulfur and oxygen. It forms a molecular solid, held together by dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces.
03

c. Classification of Ni

Ni (Nickel) is a metal, which forms a metallic solid. In metallic solids, metal atoms are held together by delocalized electrons.
04

d. Classification of SiO2

SiO2 (Silicon dioxide) forms a network solid, also known as a covalent network solid, due to the extensive three-dimensional network of strong covalent bonds between silicon and oxygen atoms.
05

e. Classification of NH3

NH3 (Ammonia) is a molecular compound formed between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It forms a molecular solid, held together by hydrogen bonding, an intermolecular force.
06

f. Classification of Pt

Pt (Platinum) is a metal, which forms a metallic solid. In metallic solids, metal atoms are held together by delocalized electrons.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Atoms are assumed to touch in closest packed structures, yet every closest packed unit cell contains a significant amount of empty space. Why?

In each of the following groups of substances, pick the one that has the given property. Justify your answer. a. highest boiling point: HBr, Kr, or \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) b. highest freezing point: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{NaCl}\) , or HF c. lowest vapor pressure at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} : \mathrm{Cl}_{2}, \mathrm{Br}_{2},\( or \)\mathrm{I}_{2}$ d. lowest freezing point: \(\mathrm{N}_{2}, \mathrm{CO},\) or \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) e. lowest boiling point: \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}, \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{3},\) or \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) f. highest boiling point: \(\mathrm{HF}, \mathrm{HCl},\) or \(\mathrm{HBr}\) g. lowest vapor pressure at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} : \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}, \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CCH}_{3}$ or \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\)

Identify the most important types of interparticle forces present in the solids of each of the following substances. a. \(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\) b. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}\) c. \(\mathrm{Xe}\) d. \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\) e. \(\mathrm{CsI}\) f. \(P_{4}\) g. \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\)

Consider the following data for xenon: $$ \begin{array}{ll}{\text { Triple point: }} & {-121^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 280 \text { torr }} \\ {\text { Normal melting point: }} & {-112^{\circ} \mathrm{C}} \\ {\text { Normal boiling point: }} & {-107^{\circ} \mathrm{C}}\end{array} $$ Which is more dense, \(\operatorname{Xe}(s)\) or \(\operatorname{Xe}(l) ?\) How do the melting point and boiling point of xenon depend on pressure?

The memory metal, nitinol, is an alloy of nickel and titanium. It is called a memory metal because after being deformed, a piece of nitinol wire will return to its original shape. The structure of nitinol consists of a simple cubic array of Ni atoms and an inner penetrating simple cubic array of Ti atoms. In the extended lattice, a Ti atom is found at the center of a cube of Ni atoms; the reverse is also true. a. Describe the unit cell for nitinol. b. What is the empirical formula of nitinol? c. What are the coordination numbers (number of nearest neighbors) of Ni and Ti in nitinol?
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