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Chapter 10: Problem 37

Identify the most important types of interparticle forces present in the solids of each of the following substances a. Ar b. \(\mathrm{HCl}\)l c. \(\mathrm{HF}\) d. \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) e. \(C \mathrm{H}_{4}\) f. \(C O\) g. \(N a N O_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Ar: Dispersion forces b. HCl: Dipole-dipole forces c. HF: Hydrogen bonding d. CaCl₂: Ionic bonding e. CH₄: Dispersion forces f. CO: Dipole-dipole forces g. NaNO₃: Ionic bonding

Step by step solution

01

a. Ar (Argon)

As Argon is a noble gas, it exists as individual atoms and it is non-polar, so the most important type of interparticle force present in Argon would be dispersion forces.
02

b. HCl (Hydrogen Chloride)

HCl is a polar covalent compound, but does not contain N, O, or F bonded to hydrogen. In HCl, dipole-dipole forces are the most important type of interparticle force.
03

c. HF (Hydrogen Fluoride)

HF is a polar covalent compound and also contains F bonded to hydrogen, so the most important type of interparticle force present in it is hydrogen bonding.
04

d. CaCl₂ (Calcium Chloride)

CaCl₂ is an ionic compound formed between calcium (Ca²⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions, so the most important type of interparticle force present in it is ionic bonding.
05

e. CH₄ (Methane)

CH₄ is a non-polar covalent compound, meaning the only interparticle forces acting on it are dispersion forces.
06

f. CO (Carbon Monoxide)

CO is a polar covalent compound, so the most important type of interparticle force present in it is dipole-dipole forces.
07

g. NaNO₃ (Sodium Nitrate)

NaNO₃ is an ionic compound formed between sodium ions (Na⁺) and nitrate ions (NO₃⁻), so the most important type of interparticle force in it is ionic bonding.

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