For each of the following ions, indicate the total number of protons and electrons in the ion. For the positive ions in the list, predict the formula of the simplest compound formed between each positive ion and the oxide ion. Name the compounds. For the negative ions in the list, predict the formula of the simplest compound formed between each negative ion and the aluminum ion. Name the compounds. a. \(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}\) b. \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) c. \(\mathrm{Ba}^{2+}\) d. \(\mathrm{Cs}^{+}\) e. \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) f. \(\mathrm{P}^{3-}\) g. \(\mathrm{Br}^{-}\) h. \(\mathrm{N}^{3-}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. 26 protons, 24 electrons, FeO (Iron(II) oxide) b. 26 protons, 23 electrons, Fe₂O₃ (Iron(III) oxide) c. 56 protons, 54 electrons, BaO (Barium oxide) d. 55 protons, 54 electrons, Cs₂O (Cesium oxide) e. 16 protons, 18 electrons, Al₂S₃ (Aluminum sulfide) f. 15 protons, 18 electrons, AlP (Aluminum phosphide) g. 35 protons, 36 electrons, AlBr₃ (Aluminum bromide) h. 7 protons, 10 electrons, AlN (Aluminum nitride)

Step by step solution

01

Determine the number of protons and electrons

: Use the periodic table to check the atomic number of each given element. The atomic number, also denoted as Z, represents the number of protons in an atom or ion. For each ion, the total number of electrons equals the atomic number minus the charge of the ion (if positive) or the atomic number plus the charge of the ion (if negative). Here are the atomic numbers for each element involved: Iron (Fe): Z = 26 Barium (Ba): Z = 56 Cesium (Cs): Z = 55 Sulfur (S): Z = 16 Phosphorus (P): Z = 15 Bromine (Br): Z = 35 Nitrogen (N): Z = 7 Following the rule mentioned above, determine the total number of protons and electrons for each ion.
02

Predict the simplest formulas and name the compounds

: For the positive ions (a, b, c, d), predict the simplest compound formed between each positive ion and the oxide ion (O²⁻). For the negative ions (e, f, g, h), predict the simplest compound formed between each negative ion and the aluminum ion (Al³⁺). You can predict the simplest formula by finding the lowest common multiple of the charges. To find the simplest formula, use the "crossover" method, swapping the charges as subscripts and reducing them if necessary. For naming, use the metal name followed by the non-metal name with the suffix "-ide". a. Fe²⁺ Protons: 26 Electrons: 24 Fe²⁺ + O²⁻ → FeO Compound name: Iron(II) oxide b. Fe³⁺ Protons: 26 Electrons: 23 Fe³⁺ + O²⁻ → Fe₂O₃ Compound name: Iron(III) oxide c. Ba²⁺ Protons: 56 Electrons: 54 Ba²⁺ + O²⁻ → BaO Compound name: Barium oxide d. Cs⁺ Protons: 55 Electrons: 54 Cs⁺ + O²⁻ → Cs₂O Compound name: Cesium oxide e. S²⁻ Atomic number of sulfur: 16 Protons: 16 Electrons: 18 Al³⁺ + S²⁻ → Al₂S₃ Compound name: Aluminum sulfide f. P³⁻ Atomic number of phosphorus: 15 Protons: 15 Electrons: 18 Al³⁺ + P³⁻ → AlP Compound name: Aluminum phosphide g. Br⁻ Atomic number of bromine: 35 Protons: 35 Electrons: 36 Al³⁺ + Br⁻ → AlBr₃ Compound name: Aluminum bromide h. N³⁻ Atomic number of nitrogen: 7 Protons: 7 Electrons: 10 Al³⁺ + N³⁻ → AlN Compound name: Aluminum nitride

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