What is the systematic name of \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5} ?\) If the charge on the metal remained constant and then sulfur was substituted for oxygen, how would the formula change? What is the difference in the total number of protons between \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) and its sulfur analog?

To determine the systematic name of \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\), we look at the elements present in the compound. In this case, we have two Ta (tantalum) atoms and five O (oxygen) atoms. The systematic name of this compound is determined by the stock notation: the metal (tantalum) name, followed by its oxidation state in roman numerals and the polyatomic ion name. The oxidation state of tantalum in this compound is 5+ since each oxygen atom has a 2- charge. The systematic name of \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) is "Ditantalum pentoxide".

If sulfur (S) replaces oxygen (O) in the compound while the charge on the metal remains constant, we need to consider the fact that both oxygen and sulfur have a 2- charge (as they are in the same group of the periodic table). Since the tantalum atom has a 5+ charge, we can re-write the formula as \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{5}\). In this case, both the oxidation state of tantalum and the overall charge on the formula remain unchanged.

To calculate the difference in the total number of protons, we will compare the number of protons in both compounds: For \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{5}\): - Ta (tantalum) has an atomic number of 73, so it has 73 protons. - O (oxygen) has an atomic number of 8, so it has 8 protons. Total protons in \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) = (2 × 73) + (5 × 8) = 146 + 40 = 186 protons For \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{5}\): - Ta (tantalum) has an atomic number of 73, so it has 73 protons. - S (sulfur) has an atomic number of 16, so it has 16 protons. Total protons in \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{5}\) = (2 × 73) + (5 × 16) = 146 + 80 = 226 protons Difference in total number of protons = Total protons in \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{5}\) - Total protons in \(\mathrm{Ta}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) = 226 - 186 = 40 protons.