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Chapter 2: Problem 15

The common name for \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is ammonia. What would be the systematic name for \(\mathrm{NH}_{3} ?\) Support your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The systematic name for \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is nitrogen trihydride. This name is derived using IUPAC nomenclature by recognizing it as a covalent compound, omitting the 'mono' prefix for the first element (nitrogen), and using the 'tri' prefix for the three hydrogen atoms.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the compound elements

First, let's identify the elements present in the given compound. The molecular formula is \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\), which consists of nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H).
02

Determine the chemical bond

The compound has one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. This indicates a covalent bond, as the atoms share electrons instead of donating or accepting them as in an ionic bond.
03

Apply IUPAC nomenclature

Using the IUPAC nomenclature system, we name covalent compounds by assigning a prefix to the first and second elements based on the number of atoms present. In this case, we have one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. The prefix for one atom is 'mono' and for three atoms is 'tri.' However, when the first element in the compound has only one atom, the prefix 'mono' is omitted, making the name start with the element's name.
04

Name the compound

According to the IUPAC nomenclature, the systematic name for \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is nitrogen trihydride. We arrived at this name by adding the prefix 'tri' for the three hydrogen atoms and starting with nitrogen, as it is the first element in the compound. The name reflects that the compound consists of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms in a covalent bond.
05

Support the answer

To support our answer, we know that the IUPAC nomenclature system ensures the unique naming of chemical compounds to avoid confusion. By following the rules and steps properly as demonstrated above, the systematic name for ammonia, \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\), is nitrogen trihydride.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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