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Chapter 2: Problem 35

Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the false statements, correct them. a. Most of the known elements are metals. b. Element 118 should be a nonmetal. c. Hydrogen has mostly metallic properties. d. A family of elements is also known as a period of elements e. When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, X, the formula of the covalent compound formed should be \(\mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{X}\) .

Short Answer

Expert verified
True statements: a. Most of the known elements are metals. b. Element 118 should be a nonmetal. False statements with corrections: c. Hydrogen has mostly nonmetallic properties. d. A family of elements is also known as a group of elements. e. When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, X, the formula of the ionic compound formed should be \(\mathrm{A}\mathrm{X}_{2}\).

Step by step solution

01

Statement a: Most of the known elements are metals.

This statement is true. Most of the elements in the periodic table are classified as metals, and they are found on the left side and middle of the table.
02

Statement b: Element 118 should be a nonmetal.

Element 118 is Oganesson (Og), which belongs to the Group 18 of the periodic table, also known as Noble gases. The elements in this group are generally nonmetals due to their full electron shells, making them inert and unreactive. So, this statement is true.
03

Statement c: Hydrogen has mostly metallic properties.

This statement is false. Hydrogen is actually a nonmetal and belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table (the alkali metals). However, it is unique and has some properties that are different from other alkali metals, such as being a gas at room temperature and forming diatomic molecules (H2). Hydrogen does not possess metallic properties, as it forms covalent bonds instead of metallic bonds. Corrected statement: Hydrogen has mostly nonmetallic properties.
04

Statement d: A family of elements is also known as a period of elements.

This statement is false. A family (or group) of elements is a vertical column in the periodic table, whereas a period is a horizontal row of elements. Families of elements share similar chemical properties, whereas elements in the same period have varying properties. Corrected statement: A family of elements is also known as a group of elements.
05

Statement e: When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, X, the formula of the covalent compound formed should be \(\mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{X}\).

This statement is false. Alkaline earth metals are in Group 2 of the periodic table. They lose two electrons to form a +2 charge when reacting with other elements. Halogens are in Group 17 and form a -1 charge by gaining one electron. The correct formula for a compound formed between an alkaline earth metal (A) and a halogen (X) is \(\mathrm{A}\mathrm{X}_{2}\). Also, the compound formed is an ionic compound, not a covalent compound. Corrected statement: When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, X, the formula of the ionic compound formed should be \(\mathrm{A}\mathrm{X}_{2}\).

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