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Chapter 2: Problem 95

Radiotracers are radioactive substances that can be introduced into organisms by way of ingestion or injection and whose pathway can be traced by monitoring their radioactivity. How many protons and neutrons do the following radiotracers contain? a. Iodine-131, used in the diagnosis and treatment of illnesses of the thyroid gland. b. Thallium-201, used to assess the damage to the heart muscle in a person who has suffered a heart attack.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In Iodine-131, there are 53 protons and 78 neutrons. In Thallium-201, there are 81 protons and 120 neutrons.

Step by step solution

01

Find the atomic number and mass number

For Iodine-131 (I-131), the mass number is already given as 131. To identify how many protons are present, we must find the atomic number of Iodine which represents the number of protons. Checking the periodic table, we can see that Iodine (I) has an atomic number of 53.
02

Calculate the number of protons and neutrons

Using the atomic number and mass number, we can calculate the number of neutrons in Iodine-131. Remember that the mass number (A) is the sum of protons (Z) and neutrons (N): A = Z + N. For Iodine-131, we have: - Mass number (A) = 131 - Atomic number (Z) = 53 To find the number of neutrons (N), we can rearrange the equation: N = A - Z. Therefore, Iodine-131 has: - Protons: 53 - Neutrons: \(N = 131 - 53 = 78\) In Iodine-131, there are 53 protons and 78 neutrons. #b. Thallium-201#
03

Find the atomic number and mass number

For Thallium-201 (Tl-201), the mass number is already given as 201. To identify how many protons are present, we must find the atomic number of Thallium which represents the number of protons. Checking the periodic table, we can see that Thallium (Tl) has an atomic number of 81.
04

Calculate the number of protons and neutrons

Using the atomic number and mass number, we can calculate the number of neutrons in Thallium-201. Remember that the mass number (A) is the sum of protons (Z) and neutrons (N): A = Z + N. For Thallium-201, we have: - Mass number (A) = 201 - Atomic number (Z) = 81 To find the number of neutrons (N), we can rearrange the equation: N = A - Z. Therefore, Thallium-201 has: - Protons: 81 - Neutrons: \(N = 201 - 81 = 120\) In Thallium-201, there are 81 protons and 120 neutrons.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The early alchemists used to do an experiment in which water was boiled for several days in a sealed glass container. Eventually, some solid residue would appear in the bottom of the flask, which was interpreted to mean that some of the water in the flask had been converted into “earth.” When Lavoisier repeated this experiment, he found that the water weighed the same before and after heating, and the mass of the flask plus the solid residue equaled the original mass of the flask. Were the alchemists correct? Explain what really happened. (This experiment is described in the article by A. F. Scott in Scientific American, January 1984.)

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