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Chapter 20: Problem 12

What structural features do the molecules $\mathrm{P}_{4}, \mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{6},\( and \)\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10}$ have in common?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The common structural features among the molecules \(P_4\), \(P_4O_6\), and \(P_4O_{10}\) are the tetrahedral arrangement of 4 phosphorus atoms and single bonds connecting the phosphorus atoms.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the type of bonds in each molecule

Let's look at the bonding in each molecule individually: - P4: It is made up of 4 phosphorus (P) atoms bonded together with single bonds forming a tetrahedron. - P4O6: It contains 4 phosphorus atoms bonded together, forming a tetrahedron, just like P4. In addition to that, there are 6 oxygen atoms bonded to the phosphorus atoms, forming double bonds. - P4O10: It also has a tetrahedral arrangement of 4 phosphorus atoms, similar to P4 and P4O6. There are 10 oxygen atoms, with each phosphorus atom bonded to an oxygen through double bonds and single bonds to form the P4O10 molecule.
02

Identify the common structural features

Based on the bonding and geometries mentioned in Step 1, we can identify the common structural features among the three molecules: - All three molecules (P4, P4O6, and P4O10) have a tetrahedral arrangement of 4 phosphorus atoms. - The phosphorus atoms are connected through single bonds in all three molecules.
03

Conclusion

The common structural features among the molecules P4, P4O6, and P4O10 are the tetrahedral arrangement of 4 phosphorus atoms and single bonds connecting the phosphorus atoms.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The United States Public Health Service (USPHS) recommends the fluoridation of water as a means for preventing tooth decay. The recommended concentration is 1 \(\mathrm{mg} \mathrm{F}^{-} / \mathrm{L}\) . The presence of calcium ions in hard water can precipitate the added fluoride. What is the maximum molarity of calcium ions in hard water if the fluoride concentration is at the USPHS recommended level? $\left(K_{\mathrm{sp}} \text { for } \mathrm{CaF}_{2}=4.0 \times 10^{-11} .\right)$

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