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Chapter 20: Problem 35

Write equations describing the reactions of Ga with each of the following: \(\mathrm{F}_{2}, \mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{S},\) and \(\mathrm{HCl} .\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced equations for the reactions of gallium (Ga) with the given reactants are: 1. Reaction with fluorine (F₂): \( 2 Ga + 3 F_{2} \rightarrow 2 GaF_{3} \) 2. Reaction with oxygen (O₂): \( 4 Ga + 3 O_{2} \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}O_{3} \) 3. Reaction with sulfur (S): \( 4 Ga + 3 S \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}S_{3} \) 4. Reaction with hydrochloric acid (HCl): \( 2 Ga + 6 HCl \rightarrow 2 GaCl_{3} + 3 H_{2} \)

Step by step solution

01

Reaction with Fluorine (F₂)

The reaction between gallium and fluorine forms gallium fluoride (GaF₃). The unbalanced equation is: \( Ga + F_{2} \rightarrow GaF_{3} \) Now we need to balance the equation. To do that, we can simply adjust the coefficients as follows: \( 2 Ga + 3 F_{2} \rightarrow 2 GaF_{3} \) So the balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with fluorine is: \( 2 Ga + 3 F_{2} \rightarrow 2 GaF_{3} \)
02

Reaction with Oxygen (O₂)

The reaction between gallium and oxygen forms gallium (III) oxide (Ga₂O₃). The unbalanced equation is: \( Ga + O_{2} \rightarrow Ga_{2}O_{3} \) Balancing this equation, we get: \( 4 Ga + 3 O_{2} \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}O_{3} \) So the balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with oxygen is: \( 4 Ga + 3 O_{2} \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}O_{3} \)
03

Reaction with Sulfur (S)

The reaction between gallium and sulfur forms gallium (III) sulfide (Ga₂S₃). The unbalanced equation is: \( Ga + S \rightarrow Ga_{2}S_{3} \) Balancing this equation, we get: \( 4 Ga + 3 S \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}S_{3} \) So the balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with sulfur is: \( 4 Ga + 3 S \rightarrow 2 Ga_{2}S_{3} \)
04

Reaction with Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

The reaction between gallium and hydrochloric acid forms gallium (III) chloride (GaCl₃) and hydrogen gas (H₂). The unbalanced equation is: \( Ga + HCl \rightarrow GaCl_{3} + H_{2} \) Balancing this equation, we get: \( 2 Ga + 6 HCl \rightarrow 2 GaCl_{3} + 3 H_{2} \) So the balanced equation for the reaction of gallium with hydrochloric acid is: \( 2 Ga + 6 HCl \rightarrow 2 GaCl_{3} + 3 H_{2} \)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Captain Kirk has set a trap for the Klingons who are threatening an innocent planet. He has sent small groups of fighter rockets to sites that are invisible to Klingon radar and put a decoy in the open. He calls this the “fishhook” strategy. Mr. Spock has sent a coded message to the chemists on the fighters to tell the ships what to do next. The outline of the message is Fill in the blanks of the message using the following clues. (1) Symbol of the halogen whose hydride has the second highest boiling point in the series of HX compounds that are hydrogen halides. (2) Symbol of the halogen that is the only hydrogen halide, HX, that is a weak acid in aqueous solution. (3) Symbol of the element whose existence on the sun was known before its existence on earth was discovered. (4) The Group 5A element in Table 20.13 that should have the most metallic character. (5) Symbol of the Group 6A element that, like selenium, is a semiconductor. (6) Symbol for the element known in rhombic and monoclinic forms. (7) Symbol for the element that exists as diatomic molecules in a yellow-green gas when not combined with another element. (8) Symbol for the most abundant element in and near the earth’s crust. (9) Symbol for the element that seems to give some protection against cancer when a diet rich in this element is consumed. (10) Symbol for the smallest noble gas that forms compounds with fluorine having the general formula \(\mathrm{AF}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{AF}_{4}\) (reverse the symbol and split the letters as shown). (11) Symbol for the toxic element that, like phosphorus and antimony, forms tetrameric molecules when uncombined with other elements (split the letters of the symbol as shown). (12) Symbol for the element that occurs as an inert component of air but is a very prominent part of fertilizers and explosives.

Besides the central atom, what are the differences between \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2} ?\)

Write a balanced equation describing the reduction of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SeO}_{4}\( by \)\mathrm{SO}_{2}$ to produce selenium.

Hydrogen is produced commercially by the reaction of methane with steam: $$ \mathrm{CH}_{4}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{CO}(g)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) $$ a. Calculate \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) and \(\Delta S^{\circ}\) for this reaction (use the data in Appendix 4\()\) b. What temperatures will favor product formation at standard conditions? Assume \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) and \(\Delta S^{\circ}\) do not depend on temperature.

Phosphoric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)\) is a triprotic acid, phosphorous acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\right)\) is a diprotic acid, and hypophosphorous acid $\left(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{2}\right)$ is a monoprotic acid. Explain this phenomenon.
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